Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/en/docs/http/ngx_http_log_module.xml @ 2769:16f6fa718be2
Updated TLSv1.3 support notes.
Previous notes described some early development snapshot of OpenSSL 1.1.1
with disabled TLSv1.3 by default. It was then enabled in the first alpha.
Further, the updated text covers later major releases such as OpenSSL 3.0.
author | Sergey Kandaurov <pluknet@nginx.com> |
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date | Thu, 30 Sep 2021 16:29:20 +0300 |
parents | eeed494bba51 |
children | 4add6ae1296f |
rev | line source |
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?> |
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2 |
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3 <!-- |
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4 Copyright (C) Igor Sysoev |
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5 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc. |
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6 --> |
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7 |
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8 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd"> |
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9 |
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10 <module name="Module ngx_http_log_module" |
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11 link="/en/docs/http/ngx_http_log_module.html" |
589 | 12 lang="en" |
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13 rev="21"> |
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14 |
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15 <section id="summary"> |
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16 |
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17 <para> |
271 | 18 The <literal>ngx_http_log_module</literal> module writes request logs |
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19 in the specified format. |
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20 </para> |
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21 |
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22 <para> |
966 | 23 Requests are logged in the context of a location where processing ends. |
24 It may be different from the original location, if an | |
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25 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="internal">internal |
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26 redirect</link> happens during request processing. |
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27 </para> |
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28 |
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29 </section> |
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30 |
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31 |
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32 <section id="example" name="Example Configuration"> |
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33 |
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34 <para> |
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35 <example> |
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36 log_format compression '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] ' |
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37 '"$request" $status $bytes_sent ' |
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38 '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "$gzip_ratio"'; |
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39 |
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40 access_log /spool/logs/nginx-access.log compression buffer=32k; |
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41 </example> |
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42 </para> |
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43 |
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44 </section> |
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45 |
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46 |
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47 <section id="directives" name="Directives"> |
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48 |
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49 <directive name="access_log"> |
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50 <syntax> |
364 | 51 <value>path</value> |
52 [<value>format</value> | |
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53 [<literal>buffer</literal>=<value>size</value>] |
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54 [<literal>gzip[=<value>level</value>]</literal>] |
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55 [<literal>flush</literal>=<value>time</value>] |
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56 [<literal>if</literal>=<value>condition</value>]]</syntax> |
271 | 57 <syntax><literal>off</literal></syntax> |
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58 <default>logs/access.log combined</default> |
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59 <context>http</context> |
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60 <context>server</context> |
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61 <context>location</context> |
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62 <context>if in location</context> |
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63 <context>limit_except</context> |
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64 |
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65 <para> |
966 | 66 Sets the path, format, and configuration for a buffered log write. |
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67 Several logs can be specified on the same configuration level. |
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68 Logging to <link doc="../syslog.xml">syslog</link> |
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69 can be configured by specifying |
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70 the “<literal>syslog:</literal>” prefix in the first parameter. |
364 | 71 The special value <literal>off</literal> cancels all |
72 <literal>access_log</literal> directives on the current level. | |
966 | 73 If the format is not specified then the predefined |
74 “<literal>combined</literal>” format is used. | |
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75 </para> |
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76 |
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77 <para> |
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78 If either the <literal>buffer</literal> or <literal>gzip</literal> |
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79 (1.3.10, 1.2.7) |
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80 parameter is used, writes to log will be buffered. |
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81 <note> |
966 | 82 The buffer size must not exceed the size of an atomic write to a disk file. |
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83 For FreeBSD this size is unlimited. |
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84 </note> |
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85 </para> |
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86 |
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87 <para> |
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88 When buffering is enabled, the data will be written to the file: |
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89 <list type="bullet"> |
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90 |
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91 <listitem> |
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92 if the next log line does not fit into the buffer; |
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93 </listitem> |
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94 |
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95 <listitem> |
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96 if the buffered data is older than specified by the <literal>flush</literal> |
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97 parameter (1.3.10, 1.2.7); |
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98 </listitem> |
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99 |
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100 <listitem> |
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101 when a worker process is <link doc="../control.xml">re-opening</link> log |
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102 files or is shutting down. |
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103 </listitem> |
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104 |
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105 </list> |
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106 </para> |
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107 |
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108 <para> |
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109 If the <literal>gzip</literal> parameter is used, then the buffered data will |
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110 be compressed before writing to the file. |
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111 The compression level can be set between 1 (fastest, less compression) |
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112 and 9 (slowest, best compression). |
966 | 113 By default, the buffer size is equal to 64K bytes, and the compression level |
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114 is set to 1. |
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115 Since the data is compressed in atomic blocks, the log file can be decompressed |
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116 or read by “<literal>zcat</literal>” at any time. |
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117 </para> |
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118 |
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119 <para> |
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120 Example: |
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121 <example> |
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122 access_log /path/to/log.gz combined gzip flush=5m; |
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123 </example> |
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124 </para> |
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125 |
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126 <para> |
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127 <note> |
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128 For gzip compression to work, nginx must be built with the zlib library. |
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129 </note> |
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130 </para> |
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131 |
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132 <para> |
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133 The file path can contain variables (0.7.6+), |
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134 but such logs have some constraints: |
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135 <list type="bullet"> |
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136 |
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137 <listitem> |
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138 the <link doc="../ngx_core_module.xml" id="user"/> |
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139 whose credentials are used by worker processes should |
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140 have permissions to create files in a directory with |
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141 such logs; |
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142 </listitem> |
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143 |
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144 <listitem> |
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145 buffered writes do not work; |
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146 </listitem> |
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147 |
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148 <listitem> |
966 | 149 the file is opened and closed for each log write. |
224
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150 However, since the descriptors of frequently used files can be stored |
966 | 151 in a <link id="open_log_file_cache">cache</link>, writing to the old file |
152 can continue during the time specified by the <link id="open_log_file_cache"/> | |
153 directive’s <literal>valid</literal> parameter | |
224
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154 </listitem> |
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155 |
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156 <listitem> |
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157 during each log write the existence of the request’s |
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158 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="root">root directory</link> |
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159 is checked, and if it does not exist the log is not |
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160 created. |
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161 It is thus a good idea to specify both |
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162 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="root"/> |
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163 and <literal>access_log</literal> on the same configuration level: |
224
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164 <example> |
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165 server { |
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166 root /spool/vhost/data/$host; |
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167 access_log /spool/vhost/logs/$host; |
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168 ... |
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169 </example> |
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170 </listitem> |
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171 |
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172 </list> |
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173 </para> |
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174 |
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175 <para> |
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176 The <literal>if</literal> parameter (1.7.0) enables conditional logging. |
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177 A request will not be logged if the <value>condition</value> evaluates to “0” |
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178 or an empty string. |
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179 In the following example, the requests with response codes 2xx and 3xx |
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180 will not be logged: |
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181 <example> |
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182 map $status $loggable { |
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183 ~^[23] 0; |
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184 default 1; |
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185 } |
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186 |
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187 access_log /path/to/access.log combined if=$loggable; |
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188 </example> |
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189 </para> |
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190 |
224
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191 </directive> |
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192 |
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193 |
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194 <directive name="log_format"> |
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195 <syntax> |
271 | 196 <value>name</value> |
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197 [<literal>escape</literal>=<literal>default</literal>|<literal>json</literal>|<literal>none</literal>] |
271 | 198 <value>string</value> ...</syntax> |
224
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199 <default>combined "..."</default> |
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200 <context>http</context> |
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201 |
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202 <para> |
966 | 203 Specifies log format. |
224
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204 </para> |
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205 |
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206 <para id="log_format_escape"> |
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207 The <literal>escape</literal> parameter (1.11.8) allows setting |
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208 <literal>json</literal> or <literal>default</literal> characters escaping |
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209 in variables, by default, <literal>default</literal> escaping is used. |
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210 The <literal>none</literal> value (1.13.10) disables escaping. |
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211 </para> |
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212 |
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213 <para id="log_format_escape_default"> |
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214 For <literal>default</literal> escaping, |
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215 characters “<literal>"</literal>”, “<literal>\</literal>”, |
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216 and other characters with values less than 32 (0.7.0) or above 126 (1.1.6) |
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217 are escaped as “<literal>\xXX</literal>”. |
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218 If the variable value is not found, |
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219 a hyphen (“<literal>-</literal>”) will be logged. |
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220 </para> |
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221 |
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222 <para id="log_format_escape_json"> |
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223 For <literal>json</literal> escaping, |
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224 all characters not allowed |
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225 in JSON <link url="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259#section-7">strings</link> |
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226 will be escaped: |
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227 characters “<literal>"</literal>” and |
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228 “<literal>\</literal>” are escaped as |
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229 “<literal>\"</literal>” and “<literal>\\</literal>”, |
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230 characters with values less than 32 are escaped as |
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231 “<literal>\n</literal>”, |
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232 “<literal>\r</literal>”, |
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233 “<literal>\t</literal>”, |
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234 “<literal>\b</literal>”, |
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235 “<literal>\f</literal>”, or |
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236 “<literal>\u00XX</literal>”. |
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237 |
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238 </para> |
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239 |
224
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240 <para> |
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241 The log format can contain common variables, and variables that |
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242 exist only at the time of a log write: |
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243 <list type="tag"> |
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244 |
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245 <tag-name id="var_bytes_sent"><var>$bytes_sent</var></tag-name> |
224
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246 <tag-desc> |
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247 the number of bytes sent to a client |
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248 </tag-desc> |
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249 |
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250 <tag-name id="var_connection"><var>$connection</var></tag-name> |
224
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251 <tag-desc> |
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252 connection serial number |
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253 </tag-desc> |
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254 |
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255 <tag-name id="var_connection_requests"><var>$connection_requests</var> |
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256 </tag-name> |
452
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257 <tag-desc> |
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258 the current number of requests made through a connection (1.1.18) |
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259 </tag-desc> |
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260 |
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261 <tag-name id="var_msec"><var>$msec</var></tag-name> |
224
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262 <tag-desc> |
966 | 263 time in seconds with a milliseconds resolution at the time of the log write |
224
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264 </tag-desc> |
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265 |
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266 <tag-name id="var_pipe"><var>$pipe</var></tag-name> |
224
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267 <tag-desc> |
271 | 268 “<literal>p</literal>” if request was pipelined, “<literal>.</literal>” |
269 otherwise | |
224
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270 </tag-desc> |
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271 |
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272 <tag-name id="var_request_length"><var>$request_length</var></tag-name> |
224
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273 <tag-desc> |
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274 request length (including request line, header, and request body) |
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275 </tag-desc> |
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276 |
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277 <tag-name id="var_request_time"><var>$request_time</var></tag-name> |
224
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278 <tag-desc> |
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279 request processing time in seconds with a milliseconds resolution; |
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280 time elapsed between the first bytes were read from the client and |
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281 the log write after the last bytes were sent to the client |
224
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282 </tag-desc> |
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283 |
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284 <tag-name id="var_status"><var>$status</var></tag-name> |
224
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285 <tag-desc> |
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286 response status |
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287 </tag-desc> |
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288 |
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289 <tag-name id="var_time_iso8601"><var>$time_iso8601</var></tag-name> |
224
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290 <tag-desc> |
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291 local time in the ISO 8601 standard format |
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292 </tag-desc> |
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293 |
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294 <tag-name id="var_time_local"><var>$time_local</var></tag-name> |
224
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295 <tag-desc> |
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296 local time in the Common Log Format |
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297 </tag-desc> |
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298 |
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299 </list> |
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300 |
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301 <note> |
966 | 302 In the modern nginx versions variables |
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303 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_status">$status</link> |
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304 (1.3.2, 1.2.2), |
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305 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_bytes_sent">$bytes_sent</link> |
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306 (1.3.8, 1.2.5), |
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307 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_connection">$connection</link> |
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308 (1.3.8, 1.2.5), |
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309 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_connection_requests">$connection_requests</link> |
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310 (1.3.8, 1.2.5), |
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311 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_msec">$msec</link> |
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312 (1.3.9, 1.2.6), |
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313 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_request_time">$request_time</link> |
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314 (1.3.9, 1.2.6), |
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315 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_pipe">$pipe</link> |
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316 (1.3.12, 1.2.7), |
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317 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_request_length">$request_length</link> |
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318 (1.3.12, 1.2.7), |
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319 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_time_iso8601">$time_iso8601</link> |
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320 (1.3.12, 1.2.7), |
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321 and |
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322 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_time_local">$time_local</link> |
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323 (1.3.12, 1.2.7) |
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324 are also available as common variables. |
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325 </note> |
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326 |
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327 </para> |
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328 |
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329 <para> |
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330 Header lines sent to a client have the prefix |
271 | 331 “<literal>sent_http_</literal>”, for example, |
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332 <var>$sent_http_content_range</var>. |
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333 </para> |
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334 |
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335 <para> |
966 | 336 The configuration always includes the predefined |
337 “<literal>combined</literal>” format: | |
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338 <example> |
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339 log_format combined '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] ' |
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340 '"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent ' |
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341 '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"'; |
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342 </example> |
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343 </para> |
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344 |
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345 </directive> |
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346 |
364 | 347 |
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348 <directive name="open_log_file_cache"> |
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349 |
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350 <syntax> |
271 | 351 <literal>max</literal>=<value>N</value> |
352 [<literal>inactive</literal>=<value>time</value>] | |
353 [<literal>min_uses</literal>=<value>N</value>] | |
354 [<literal>valid</literal>=<value>time</value>]</syntax> | |
355 <syntax><literal>off</literal></syntax> | |
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356 <default>off</default> |
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357 <context>http</context> |
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358 <context>server</context> |
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359 <context>location</context> |
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360 |
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361 <para> |
966 | 362 Defines a cache that stores the file descriptors of frequently used logs |
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363 whose names contain variables. |
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364 The directive has the following parameters: |
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365 <list type="tag"> |
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366 |
271 | 367 <tag-name><literal>max</literal></tag-name> |
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368 <tag-desc> |
966 | 369 sets the maximum number of descriptors in a cache; |
370 if the cache becomes full the least recently used (LRU) | |
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371 descriptors are closed |
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372 </tag-desc> |
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373 |
271 | 374 <tag-name><literal>inactive</literal></tag-name> |
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375 <tag-desc> |
966 | 376 sets the time after which the cached descriptor is closed |
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377 if there were no access during this time; |
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378 by default, 10 seconds |
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379 </tag-desc> |
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380 |
271 | 381 <tag-name><literal>min_uses</literal></tag-name> |
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382 <tag-desc> |
966 | 383 sets the minimum number of file uses during the time |
271 | 384 defined by the <literal>inactive</literal> parameter |
966 | 385 to let the descriptor stay open in a cache; |
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386 by default, 1 |
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387 </tag-desc> |
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388 |
271 | 389 <tag-name><literal>valid</literal></tag-name> |
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390 <tag-desc> |
966 | 391 sets the time after which it should be checked that the file |
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392 still exists with the same name; by default, 60 seconds |
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393 </tag-desc> |
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394 |
271 | 395 <tag-name><literal>off</literal></tag-name> |
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396 <tag-desc> |
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397 disables caching |
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398 </tag-desc> |
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399 |
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400 </list> |
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401 </para> |
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402 |
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403 <para> |
966 | 404 Usage example: |
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405 <example> |
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406 open_log_file_cache max=1000 inactive=20s valid=1m min_uses=2; |
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407 </example> |
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408 </para> |
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409 |
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410 </directive> |
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411 |
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412 </section> |
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413 |
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414 </module> |