Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/en/docs/control.xml @ 583:90a5a62031ad
Added a forgotten link to ngx_http_index_module.
author | Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com> |
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date | Wed, 11 Jul 2012 05:21:53 +0000 |
parents | be54c443235a |
children | e83b551cb90e |
rev | line source |
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be54c443235a
Added copyright markers to documentation sources.
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1 <!-- |
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2 Copyright (C) Igor Sysoev |
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3 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc. |
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4 --> |
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5 |
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6 <!DOCTYPE article SYSTEM "../../../dtd/article.dtd"> |
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7 |
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8 <article name="Controlling nginx" |
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9 link="/en/docs/control.html" |
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10 lang="en"> |
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11 |
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12 <section> |
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13 |
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14 <para> |
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15 nginx can be controlled with signals. |
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16 The process ID of the master process is written to the file |
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17 <path>/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid</path> by default. |
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18 This name may be changed at configuration time, or in |
288 | 19 <path>nginx.conf</path> using the |
186
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20 <link doc="ngx_core_module.xml" id="pid"/> |
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21 directive. |
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22 The master process supports the following signals: |
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23 <note> |
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24 <table> |
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25 |
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26 <tr><td width="20%">TERM, INT</td><td>fast shutdown</td></tr> |
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27 <tr><td width="20%">QUIT</td><td>graceful shutdown</td></tr> |
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28 <tr><td width="20%">HUP</td><td>changing configuration, |
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29 keeping up with a changed time zone (only for FreeBSD and Linux), |
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30 starting new worker processes with a new configuration, |
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31 graceful shutdown of old worker processes</td></tr> |
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32 <tr><td width="20%">USR1</td><td>re-opening log files</td></tr> |
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33 <tr><td width="20%">USR2</td><td>upgrading an executable file</td></tr> |
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34 <tr><td width="20%">WINCH</td><td>graceful shutdown of worker processes</td></tr> |
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35 |
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36 </table> |
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37 </note> |
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38 </para> |
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39 |
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40 <para> |
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41 Individual worker processes can be controlled with signals as well, |
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42 though it is not required. |
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43 The supported signals are: |
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44 <note> |
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45 <table> |
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46 |
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47 <tr><td width="20%">TERM, INT</td><td>fast shutdown</td></tr> |
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48 <tr><td width="20%">QUIT</td><td>graceful shutdown</td></tr> |
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49 <tr><td width="20%">USR1</td><td>re-opening log files</td></tr> |
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50 |
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51 </table> |
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52 </note> |
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53 </para> |
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54 |
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55 </section> |
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56 |
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57 |
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58 <section id="reconfiguration" name="Changing Configuration"> |
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59 |
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60 <para> |
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61 In order for nginx to re-read the configuration file, a HUP |
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62 signal should be sent to the master process. |
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63 The master process first checks the syntax validity, then tries |
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64 to apply new configuration, that is, to open log files and new |
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65 listen sockets. |
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66 If this fails, it rolls back changes and continues to work |
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67 with old configuration. |
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68 If this succeeds, it starts new worker processes, and |
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69 sends messages to old worker processes requesting them to |
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70 shut down gracefully. |
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71 Old worker processes close listen sockets and continue to service |
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72 old clients. |
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73 After all clients are serviced, old worker processes are shut down. |
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74 </para> |
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75 |
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76 <para> |
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77 Let's illustrate this by example. |
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78 Imagine that nginx is run on FreeBSD 4.x and the command |
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79 <programlisting> |
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80 ps ax -o pid,ppid,user,%cpu,vsz,wchan,command | egrep '(nginx|PID)' |
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81 </programlisting> |
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82 produces the following output: |
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83 <programlisting> |
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84 PID PPID USER %CPU VSZ WCHAN COMMAND |
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85 33126 1 root 0.0 1148 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sb |
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86 33127 33126 nobody 0.0 1380 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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87 33128 33126 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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88 33129 33126 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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89 </programlisting> |
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90 </para> |
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91 |
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92 <para> |
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93 If HUP is sent to the master process, the output becomes: |
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94 <programlisting> |
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95 PID PPID USER %CPU VSZ WCHAN COMMAND |
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96 33126 1 root 0.0 1164 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sb |
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97 33129 33126 nobody 0.0 1380 kqread nginx: worker process is shutting down (n |
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98 33134 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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99 33135 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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100 33136 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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101 </programlisting> |
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102 </para> |
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103 |
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104 <para> |
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105 One of the old worker processes with PID 33129 still continues to work. |
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106 After some time it exits: |
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107 <programlisting> |
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108 PID PPID USER %CPU VSZ WCHAN COMMAND |
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109 33126 1 root 0.0 1164 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sb |
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110 33134 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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111 33135 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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112 33136 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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113 </programlisting> |
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114 </para> |
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115 |
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116 </section> |
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117 |
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118 |
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119 <section id="logs" name="Rotating Log-files"> |
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120 |
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121 <para> |
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122 In order to rotate log files, they need to be renamed first. |
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123 After that USR1 signal should be sent to the master process. |
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124 The master process will then re-open all currently open log files and |
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125 assign them an unprivileged user under which the worker processes |
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126 are running, as an owner. |
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127 After successful re-opening, the master process closes all open files and |
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128 sends the message to worker process to ask them to re-open files. |
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129 Worker processes also open new files and close old files right away. |
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130 As a result, old files are almost immediately available for post |
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131 processing, such as compression. |
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132 </para> |
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133 |
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134 </section> |
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135 |
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136 |
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137 <section id="upgrade" name="Upgrading Executable on the Fly"> |
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138 |
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139 <para> |
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140 In order to upgrade the server executable, the new executable file |
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141 should be put in place of an old file first. |
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142 After that USR2 signal should be sent to the master process. |
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143 The master process first renames its file with the process ID to a |
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144 new file with the <path>.oldbin</path> suffix, e.g. |
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145 <path>/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid.oldbin</path>, |
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146 then starts a new executable file that in turn starts new |
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147 worker processes: |
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148 <programlisting> |
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149 PID PPID USER %CPU VSZ WCHAN COMMAND |
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150 33126 1 root 0.0 1164 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sb |
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151 33134 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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152 33135 33126 nobody 0.0 1380 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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153 33136 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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154 36264 33126 root 0.0 1148 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sb |
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155 36265 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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156 36266 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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157 36267 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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158 </programlisting> |
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159 </para> |
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160 |
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161 <!-- |
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162 |
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163 <para> |
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164 The process 36264 with a new executable file creates its own file |
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165 with the <path>.newbin</path> suffix that will keep the process ID, |
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166 e.g. <path>/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid.newbin</path>. |
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167 </para> |
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168 |
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169 --> |
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170 |
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171 <para> |
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172 After that all worker processes (old and new ones) continue to accept requests. |
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173 If the WINCH signal is sent to the first master process, it will |
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174 send messages to its worker processes, requesting them to shut |
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175 down gracefully, and they will start to exit: |
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176 <programlisting> |
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177 PID PPID USER %CPU VSZ WCHAN COMMAND |
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178 33126 1 root 0.0 1164 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sb |
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179 33135 33126 nobody 0.0 1380 kqread nginx: worker process is shutting down (n |
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180 36264 33126 root 0.0 1148 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sb |
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181 36265 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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182 36266 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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183 36267 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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184 </programlisting> |
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185 </para> |
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186 |
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187 <para> |
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188 <note> |
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189 When using the “rtsig” method on Linux, the new processes may not accept |
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190 connections even after the old master process was sent the WINCH signal. |
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191 If that is the case, the USR1 signal should be sent to the new master |
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192 process continuously, until the new processes start to accept connections. |
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193 </note> |
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194 </para> |
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195 |
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196 <para> |
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197 After some time, only the new worker processes will process requests: |
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198 <programlisting> |
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199 PID PPID USER %CPU VSZ WCHAN COMMAND |
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200 33126 1 root 0.0 1164 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sb |
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201 36264 33126 root 0.0 1148 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sb |
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202 36265 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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203 36266 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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204 36267 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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205 </programlisting> |
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206 </para> |
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207 |
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208 <para> |
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209 It should be noted that the old master process does not close its listen |
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210 sockets, and it can be managed to start its worker processes again if needed. |
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211 If for some reason the new executable file works unacceptably, the following |
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212 can be done: |
461 | 213 <list type="bullet"> |
186
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214 |
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215 <listitem> |
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216 <para> |
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217 Send the HUP signal to the old master process. |
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218 The old process will start new worker processes without re-reading the |
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219 configuration. |
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220 After that, new processes can be shut down gracefully, by sending |
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221 their master process the QUIT signal. |
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222 </para> |
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223 </listitem> |
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224 |
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225 <listitem> |
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226 <para> |
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227 Send the TERM signal to the new master process, it will then send a |
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228 message to its worker processes requesting them to exit immediately, |
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229 and they will all exit almost immediately. |
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230 When the new master process exits, the old master process will start new |
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231 worker processes. |
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232 </para> |
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233 </listitem> |
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234 |
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235 <listitem> |
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236 <para> |
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237 If new processes do not exit, the KILL signal should be sent to them. |
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238 When the new master process exits, the old master process will start new |
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239 worker processes. |
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240 </para> |
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241 </listitem> |
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242 |
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243 </list> |
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244 |
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245 </para> |
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246 |
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247 <para> |
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248 If the new master process exits then the old master process discards |
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249 the <path>.oldbin</path> suffix from the file name with the process ID. |
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250 </para> |
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251 |
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252 <para> |
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253 If upgrade was successful, then the old master process can be sent |
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254 the QUIT signal, and only new processes will stay: |
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255 <programlisting> |
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256 PID PPID USER %CPU VSZ WCHAN COMMAND |
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257 36264 1 root 0.0 1148 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sb |
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258 36265 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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259 36266 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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260 36267 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx) |
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261 </programlisting> |
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262 </para> |
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263 |
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264 <!-- |
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265 |
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266 <para> |
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267 To complete the upgrade process, the |
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268 <path>/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid.newbin</path> file should be renamed to |
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269 <path>/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid</path>. |
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270 </para> |
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271 |
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272 --> |
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273 |
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274 </section> |
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275 |
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276 </article> |