view src/event/quic/ngx_event_quic_protection.c @ 8894:de7b9af30fc6 quic

QUIC: refactored packet creation. The "min" and "max" arguments refer to UDP datagram size. Generating payload requires to account properly for header size, which is variable and depends on payload size and packet number.
author Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
date Thu, 07 Oct 2021 13:48:29 +0300
parents 6d1488b62dc5
children 3341e4089c6c
line wrap: on
line source


/*
 * Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
 */


#include <ngx_config.h>
#include <ngx_core.h>
#include <ngx_event.h>
#include <ngx_event_quic_connection.h>


/* RFC 5116, 5.1 and RFC 8439, 2.3 for all supported ciphers */
#define NGX_QUIC_IV_LEN               12
/* RFC 9001, 5.4.1.  Header Protection Application: 5-byte mask */
#define NGX_QUIC_HP_LEN               5

#define NGX_QUIC_AES_128_KEY_LEN      16

#define NGX_AES_128_GCM_SHA256        0x1301
#define NGX_AES_256_GCM_SHA384        0x1302
#define NGX_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256  0x1303


#ifdef OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL
#define ngx_quic_cipher_t             EVP_AEAD
#else
#define ngx_quic_cipher_t             EVP_CIPHER
#endif


typedef struct {
    const ngx_quic_cipher_t  *c;
    const EVP_CIPHER         *hp;
    const EVP_MD             *d;
} ngx_quic_ciphers_t;


typedef struct ngx_quic_secret_s {
    ngx_str_t                 secret;
    ngx_str_t                 key;
    ngx_str_t                 iv;
    ngx_str_t                 hp;
} ngx_quic_secret_t;


typedef struct {
    ngx_quic_secret_t         client;
    ngx_quic_secret_t         server;
} ngx_quic_secrets_t;


struct ngx_quic_keys_s {
    ngx_quic_secrets_t        secrets[NGX_QUIC_ENCRYPTION_LAST];
    ngx_quic_secrets_t        next_key;
    ngx_uint_t                cipher;
};


static ngx_int_t ngx_hkdf_expand(u_char *out_key, size_t out_len,
    const EVP_MD *digest, const u_char *prk, size_t prk_len,
    const u_char *info, size_t info_len);
static ngx_int_t ngx_hkdf_extract(u_char *out_key, size_t *out_len,
    const EVP_MD *digest, const u_char *secret, size_t secret_len,
    const u_char *salt, size_t salt_len);

static uint64_t ngx_quic_parse_pn(u_char **pos, ngx_int_t len, u_char *mask,
    uint64_t *largest_pn);
static void ngx_quic_compute_nonce(u_char *nonce, size_t len, uint64_t pn);
static ngx_int_t ngx_quic_ciphers(ngx_uint_t id,
    ngx_quic_ciphers_t *ciphers, enum ssl_encryption_level_t level);

static ngx_int_t ngx_quic_tls_open(const ngx_quic_cipher_t *cipher,
    ngx_quic_secret_t *s, ngx_str_t *out, u_char *nonce, ngx_str_t *in,
    ngx_str_t *ad, ngx_log_t *log);
static ngx_int_t ngx_quic_tls_seal(const ngx_quic_cipher_t *cipher,
    ngx_quic_secret_t *s, ngx_str_t *out, u_char *nonce, ngx_str_t *in,
    ngx_str_t *ad, ngx_log_t *log);
static ngx_int_t ngx_quic_tls_hp(ngx_log_t *log, const EVP_CIPHER *cipher,
    ngx_quic_secret_t *s, u_char *out, u_char *in);
static ngx_int_t ngx_quic_hkdf_expand(ngx_pool_t *pool, const EVP_MD *digest,
    ngx_str_t *out, ngx_str_t *label, const uint8_t *prk, size_t prk_len);

static ngx_int_t ngx_quic_create_packet(ngx_quic_header_t *pkt,
    ngx_str_t *res);
static ngx_int_t ngx_quic_create_retry_packet(ngx_quic_header_t *pkt,
    ngx_str_t *res);


static ngx_int_t
ngx_quic_ciphers(ngx_uint_t id, ngx_quic_ciphers_t *ciphers,
    enum ssl_encryption_level_t level)
{
    ngx_int_t  len;

    if (level == ssl_encryption_initial) {
        id = NGX_AES_128_GCM_SHA256;
    }

    switch (id) {

    case NGX_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:
#ifdef OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL
        ciphers->c = EVP_aead_aes_128_gcm();
#else
        ciphers->c = EVP_aes_128_gcm();
#endif
        ciphers->hp = EVP_aes_128_ctr();
        ciphers->d = EVP_sha256();
        len = 16;
        break;

    case NGX_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:
#ifdef OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL
        ciphers->c = EVP_aead_aes_256_gcm();
#else
        ciphers->c = EVP_aes_256_gcm();
#endif
        ciphers->hp = EVP_aes_256_ctr();
        ciphers->d = EVP_sha384();
        len = 32;
        break;

    case NGX_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256:
#ifdef OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL
        ciphers->c = EVP_aead_chacha20_poly1305();
#else
        ciphers->c = EVP_chacha20_poly1305();
#endif
#ifdef OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL
        ciphers->hp = (const EVP_CIPHER *) EVP_aead_chacha20_poly1305();
#else
        ciphers->hp = EVP_chacha20();
#endif
        ciphers->d = EVP_sha256();
        len = 32;
        break;

    default:
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    return len;
}


ngx_int_t
ngx_quic_keys_set_initial_secret(ngx_pool_t *pool, ngx_quic_keys_t *keys,
    ngx_str_t *secret, uint32_t version)
{
    size_t              is_len;
    uint8_t             is[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
    ngx_uint_t          i;
    const EVP_MD       *digest;
    ngx_quic_secret_t  *client, *server;

    static const uint8_t salt[20] =
        "\x38\x76\x2c\xf7\xf5\x59\x34\xb3\x4d\x17"
        "\x9a\xe6\xa4\xc8\x0c\xad\xcc\xbb\x7f\x0a";
    static const uint8_t salt29[20] =
        "\xaf\xbf\xec\x28\x99\x93\xd2\x4c\x9e\x97"
        "\x86\xf1\x9c\x61\x11\xe0\x43\x90\xa8\x99";

    client = &keys->secrets[ssl_encryption_initial].client;
    server = &keys->secrets[ssl_encryption_initial].server;

    /*
     * RFC 9001, section 5.  Packet Protection
     *
     * Initial packets use AEAD_AES_128_GCM.  The hash function
     * for HKDF when deriving initial secrets and keys is SHA-256.
     */

    digest = EVP_sha256();
    is_len = SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH;

    if (ngx_hkdf_extract(is, &is_len, digest, secret->data, secret->len,
                         (version & 0xff000000) ? salt29 : salt, sizeof(salt))
        != NGX_OK)
    {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    ngx_str_t iss = {
        .data = is,
        .len = is_len
    };

    ngx_log_debug0(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, pool->log, 0,
                   "quic ngx_quic_set_initial_secret");
#ifdef NGX_QUIC_DEBUG_CRYPTO
    ngx_log_debug3(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, pool->log, 0,
                   "quic salt len:%uz %*xs", sizeof(salt), sizeof(salt), salt);
    ngx_log_debug3(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, pool->log, 0,
                   "quic initial secret len:%uz %*xs", is_len, is_len, is);
#endif

    client->secret.len = SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH;
    server->secret.len = SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH;

    client->key.len = NGX_QUIC_AES_128_KEY_LEN;
    server->key.len = NGX_QUIC_AES_128_KEY_LEN;

    client->hp.len = NGX_QUIC_AES_128_KEY_LEN;
    server->hp.len = NGX_QUIC_AES_128_KEY_LEN;

    client->iv.len = NGX_QUIC_IV_LEN;
    server->iv.len = NGX_QUIC_IV_LEN;

    struct {
        ngx_str_t   label;
        ngx_str_t  *key;
        ngx_str_t  *prk;
    } seq[] = {
        /* labels per RFC 9001, 5.1. Packet Protection Keys */
        { ngx_string("tls13 client in"), &client->secret, &iss },
        { ngx_string("tls13 quic key"),  &client->key,    &client->secret },
        { ngx_string("tls13 quic iv"),   &client->iv,     &client->secret },
        { ngx_string("tls13 quic hp"),   &client->hp,     &client->secret },
        { ngx_string("tls13 server in"), &server->secret, &iss },
        { ngx_string("tls13 quic key"),  &server->key,    &server->secret },
        { ngx_string("tls13 quic iv"),   &server->iv,     &server->secret },
        { ngx_string("tls13 quic hp"),   &server->hp,     &server->secret },
    };

    for (i = 0; i < (sizeof(seq) / sizeof(seq[0])); i++) {

        if (ngx_quic_hkdf_expand(pool, digest, seq[i].key, &seq[i].label,
                                 seq[i].prk->data, seq[i].prk->len)
            != NGX_OK)
        {
            return NGX_ERROR;
        }
    }

    return NGX_OK;
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_quic_hkdf_expand(ngx_pool_t *pool, const EVP_MD *digest, ngx_str_t *out,
    ngx_str_t *label, const uint8_t *prk, size_t prk_len)
{
    size_t    info_len;
    uint8_t  *p;
    uint8_t   info[20];

    if (out->data == NULL) {
        out->data = ngx_pnalloc(pool, out->len);
        if (out->data == NULL) {
            return NGX_ERROR;
        }
    }

    info_len = 2 + 1 + label->len + 1;

    info[0] = 0;
    info[1] = out->len;
    info[2] = label->len;
    p = ngx_cpymem(&info[3], label->data, label->len);
    *p = '\0';

    if (ngx_hkdf_expand(out->data, out->len, digest,
                        prk, prk_len, info, info_len)
        != NGX_OK)
    {
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, pool->log, 0,
                      "ngx_hkdf_expand(%V) failed", label);
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

#ifdef NGX_QUIC_DEBUG_CRYPTO
    ngx_log_debug3(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, pool->log, 0,
                   "quic expand %V key len:%uz %xV", label, out->len, out);
#endif

    return NGX_OK;
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_hkdf_expand(u_char *out_key, size_t out_len, const EVP_MD *digest,
    const uint8_t *prk, size_t prk_len, const u_char *info, size_t info_len)
{
#ifdef OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL

    if (HKDF_expand(out_key, out_len, digest, prk, prk_len, info, info_len)
        == 0)
    {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    return NGX_OK;

#else

    EVP_PKEY_CTX  *pctx;

    pctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(EVP_PKEY_HKDF, NULL);
    if (pctx == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_PKEY_derive_init(pctx) <= 0) {
        goto failed;
    }

    if (EVP_PKEY_CTX_hkdf_mode(pctx, EVP_PKEY_HKDEF_MODE_EXPAND_ONLY) <= 0) {
        goto failed;
    }

    if (EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_hkdf_md(pctx, digest) <= 0) {
        goto failed;
    }

    if (EVP_PKEY_CTX_set1_hkdf_key(pctx, prk, prk_len) <= 0) {
        goto failed;
    }

    if (EVP_PKEY_CTX_add1_hkdf_info(pctx, info, info_len) <= 0) {
        goto failed;
    }

    if (EVP_PKEY_derive(pctx, out_key, &out_len) <= 0) {
        goto failed;
    }

    EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(pctx);

    return NGX_OK;

failed:

    EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(pctx);

    return NGX_ERROR;

#endif
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_hkdf_extract(u_char *out_key, size_t *out_len, const EVP_MD *digest,
    const u_char *secret, size_t secret_len, const u_char *salt,
    size_t salt_len)
{
#ifdef OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL

    if (HKDF_extract(out_key, out_len, digest, secret, secret_len, salt,
                     salt_len)
        == 0)
    {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    return NGX_OK;

#else

    EVP_PKEY_CTX  *pctx;

    pctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(EVP_PKEY_HKDF, NULL);
    if (pctx == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_PKEY_derive_init(pctx) <= 0) {
        goto failed;
    }

    if (EVP_PKEY_CTX_hkdf_mode(pctx, EVP_PKEY_HKDEF_MODE_EXTRACT_ONLY) <= 0) {
        goto failed;
    }

    if (EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_hkdf_md(pctx, digest) <= 0) {
        goto failed;
    }

    if (EVP_PKEY_CTX_set1_hkdf_key(pctx, secret, secret_len) <= 0) {
        goto failed;
    }

    if (EVP_PKEY_CTX_set1_hkdf_salt(pctx, salt, salt_len) <= 0) {
        goto failed;
    }

    if (EVP_PKEY_derive(pctx, out_key, out_len) <= 0) {
        goto failed;
    }

    EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(pctx);

    return NGX_OK;

failed:

    EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(pctx);

    return NGX_ERROR;

#endif
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_quic_tls_open(const ngx_quic_cipher_t *cipher, ngx_quic_secret_t *s,
    ngx_str_t *out, u_char *nonce, ngx_str_t *in, ngx_str_t *ad,
    ngx_log_t *log)
{

#ifdef OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL
    EVP_AEAD_CTX  *ctx;

    ctx = EVP_AEAD_CTX_new(cipher, s->key.data, s->key.len,
                           EVP_AEAD_DEFAULT_TAG_LENGTH);
    if (ctx == NULL) {
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_AEAD_CTX_new() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_AEAD_CTX_open(ctx, out->data, &out->len, out->len, nonce, s->iv.len,
                          in->data, in->len, ad->data, ad->len)
        != 1)
    {
        EVP_AEAD_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_AEAD_CTX_open() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    EVP_AEAD_CTX_free(ctx);
#else
    int              len;
    u_char          *tag;
    EVP_CIPHER_CTX  *ctx;

    ctx = EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new();
    if (ctx == NULL) {
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx, cipher, NULL, NULL, NULL) != 1) {
        EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_DecryptInit_ex() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx, EVP_CTRL_GCM_SET_IVLEN, s->iv.len, NULL)
        == 0)
    {
        EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0,
                      "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(EVP_CTRL_GCM_SET_IVLEN) failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx, NULL, NULL, s->key.data, nonce) != 1) {
        EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_DecryptInit_ex() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx, NULL, &len, ad->data, ad->len) != 1) {
        EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_DecryptUpdate() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx, out->data, &len, in->data,
                          in->len - EVP_GCM_TLS_TAG_LEN)
        != 1)
    {
        EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_DecryptUpdate() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    out->len = len;
    tag = in->data + in->len - EVP_GCM_TLS_TAG_LEN;

    if (EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx, EVP_CTRL_GCM_SET_TAG, EVP_GCM_TLS_TAG_LEN, tag)
        == 0)
    {
        EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0,
                      "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(EVP_CTRL_GCM_SET_TAG) failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(ctx, out->data + len, &len) <= 0) {
        EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_DecryptFinal_ex failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    out->len += len;

    EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
#endif

    return NGX_OK;
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_quic_tls_seal(const ngx_quic_cipher_t *cipher, ngx_quic_secret_t *s,
    ngx_str_t *out, u_char *nonce, ngx_str_t *in, ngx_str_t *ad, ngx_log_t *log)
{

#ifdef OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL
    EVP_AEAD_CTX  *ctx;

    ctx = EVP_AEAD_CTX_new(cipher, s->key.data, s->key.len,
                           EVP_AEAD_DEFAULT_TAG_LENGTH);
    if (ctx == NULL) {
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_AEAD_CTX_new() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_AEAD_CTX_seal(ctx, out->data, &out->len, out->len, nonce, s->iv.len,
                          in->data, in->len, ad->data, ad->len)
        != 1)
    {
        EVP_AEAD_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_AEAD_CTX_seal() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    EVP_AEAD_CTX_free(ctx);
#else
    int              len;
    EVP_CIPHER_CTX  *ctx;

    ctx = EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new();
    if (ctx == NULL) {
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx, cipher, NULL, NULL, NULL) != 1) {
        EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_EncryptInit_ex() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx, EVP_CTRL_GCM_SET_IVLEN, s->iv.len, NULL)
        == 0)
    {
        EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0,
                      "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(EVP_CTRL_GCM_SET_IVLEN) failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx, NULL, NULL, s->key.data, nonce) != 1) {
        EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_EncryptInit_ex() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx, NULL, &len, ad->data, ad->len) != 1) {
        EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_EncryptUpdate() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx, out->data, &len, in->data, in->len) != 1) {
        EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_EncryptUpdate() failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    out->len = len;

    if (EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(ctx, out->data + out->len, &len) <= 0) {
        EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_EncryptFinal_ex failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    out->len += len;

    if (EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx, EVP_CTRL_GCM_GET_TAG, EVP_GCM_TLS_TAG_LEN,
                            out->data + in->len)
        == 0)
    {
        EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0,
                      "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(EVP_CTRL_GCM_GET_TAG) failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);

    out->len += EVP_GCM_TLS_TAG_LEN;
#endif
    return NGX_OK;
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_quic_tls_hp(ngx_log_t *log, const EVP_CIPHER *cipher,
    ngx_quic_secret_t *s, u_char *out, u_char *in)
{
    int              outlen;
    EVP_CIPHER_CTX  *ctx;
    u_char           zero[NGX_QUIC_HP_LEN] = {0};

#ifdef OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL
    uint32_t         cnt;

    ngx_memcpy(&cnt, in, sizeof(uint32_t));

    if (cipher == (const EVP_CIPHER *) EVP_aead_chacha20_poly1305()) {
        CRYPTO_chacha_20(out, zero, NGX_QUIC_HP_LEN, s->hp.data, &in[4], cnt);
        return NGX_OK;
    }
#endif

    ctx = EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new();
    if (ctx == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx, cipher, NULL, s->hp.data, in) != 1) {
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_EncryptInit_ex() failed");
        goto failed;
    }

    if (!EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx, out, &outlen, zero, NGX_QUIC_HP_LEN)) {
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_EncryptUpdate() failed");
        goto failed;
    }

    if (!EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(ctx, out + NGX_QUIC_HP_LEN, &outlen)) {
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0, "EVP_EncryptFinal_Ex() failed");
        goto failed;
    }

    EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);

    return NGX_OK;

failed:

    EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);

    return NGX_ERROR;
}


int ngx_quic_keys_set_encryption_secret(ngx_pool_t *pool, ngx_uint_t is_write,
    ngx_quic_keys_t *keys, enum ssl_encryption_level_t level,
    const SSL_CIPHER *cipher, const uint8_t *secret, size_t secret_len)
{
    ngx_int_t            key_len;
    ngx_uint_t           i;
    ngx_quic_secret_t   *peer_secret;
    ngx_quic_ciphers_t   ciphers;

    peer_secret = is_write ? &keys->secrets[level].server
                           : &keys->secrets[level].client;

    keys->cipher = SSL_CIPHER_get_protocol_id(cipher);

    key_len = ngx_quic_ciphers(keys->cipher, &ciphers, level);

    if (key_len == NGX_ERROR) {
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, pool->log, 0, "unexpected cipher");
        return 0;
    }

    if (level == ssl_encryption_initial) {
        return 0;
    }

    peer_secret->secret.data = ngx_pnalloc(pool, secret_len);
    if (peer_secret->secret.data == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    peer_secret->secret.len = secret_len;
    ngx_memcpy(peer_secret->secret.data, secret, secret_len);

    peer_secret->key.len = key_len;
    peer_secret->iv.len = NGX_QUIC_IV_LEN;
    peer_secret->hp.len = key_len;

    struct {
        ngx_str_t       label;
        ngx_str_t      *key;
        const uint8_t  *secret;
    } seq[] = {
        { ngx_string("tls13 quic key"), &peer_secret->key, secret },
        { ngx_string("tls13 quic iv"),  &peer_secret->iv,  secret },
        { ngx_string("tls13 quic hp"),  &peer_secret->hp,  secret },
    };

    for (i = 0; i < (sizeof(seq) / sizeof(seq[0])); i++) {

        if (ngx_quic_hkdf_expand(pool, ciphers.d, seq[i].key, &seq[i].label,
                                 seq[i].secret, secret_len)
            != NGX_OK)
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }

    return 1;
}


ngx_quic_keys_t *
ngx_quic_keys_new(ngx_pool_t *pool)
{
    return ngx_pcalloc(pool, sizeof(ngx_quic_keys_t));
}


ngx_uint_t
ngx_quic_keys_available(ngx_quic_keys_t *keys,
    enum ssl_encryption_level_t level)
{
    return keys->secrets[level].client.key.len != 0;
}


void
ngx_quic_keys_discard(ngx_quic_keys_t *keys,
    enum ssl_encryption_level_t level)
{
    keys->secrets[level].client.key.len = 0;
}


void
ngx_quic_keys_switch(ngx_connection_t *c, ngx_quic_keys_t *keys)
{
    ngx_quic_secrets_t  *current, *next, tmp;

    current = &keys->secrets[ssl_encryption_application];
    next = &keys->next_key;

    tmp = *current;
    *current = *next;
    *next = tmp;
}


ngx_int_t
ngx_quic_keys_update(ngx_connection_t *c, ngx_quic_keys_t *keys)
{
    ngx_uint_t           i;
    ngx_quic_ciphers_t   ciphers;
    ngx_quic_secrets_t  *current, *next;

    current = &keys->secrets[ssl_encryption_application];
    next = &keys->next_key;

    ngx_log_debug0(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, c->log, 0, "quic key update");

    if (ngx_quic_ciphers(keys->cipher, &ciphers, ssl_encryption_application)
        == NGX_ERROR)
    {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    next->client.secret.len = current->client.secret.len;
    next->client.key.len = current->client.key.len;
    next->client.iv.len = NGX_QUIC_IV_LEN;
    next->client.hp = current->client.hp;

    next->server.secret.len = current->server.secret.len;
    next->server.key.len = current->server.key.len;
    next->server.iv.len = NGX_QUIC_IV_LEN;
    next->server.hp = current->server.hp;

    struct {
        ngx_str_t   label;
        ngx_str_t  *key;
        ngx_str_t  *secret;
    } seq[] = {
        {
            ngx_string("tls13 quic ku"),
            &next->client.secret,
            &current->client.secret,
        },
        {
            ngx_string("tls13 quic key"),
            &next->client.key,
            &next->client.secret,
        },
        {
            ngx_string("tls13 quic iv"),
            &next->client.iv,
            &next->client.secret,
        },
        {
            ngx_string("tls13 quic ku"),
            &next->server.secret,
            &current->server.secret,
        },
        {
            ngx_string("tls13 quic key"),
            &next->server.key,
            &next->server.secret,
        },
        {
            ngx_string("tls13 quic iv"),
            &next->server.iv,
            &next->server.secret,
        },
    };

    for (i = 0; i < (sizeof(seq) / sizeof(seq[0])); i++) {

        if (ngx_quic_hkdf_expand(c->pool, ciphers.d, seq[i].key, &seq[i].label,
                                 seq[i].secret->data, seq[i].secret->len)
            != NGX_OK)
        {
            return NGX_ERROR;
        }
    }

    return NGX_OK;
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_quic_create_packet(ngx_quic_header_t *pkt, ngx_str_t *res)
{
    u_char              *pnp, *sample;
    ngx_str_t            ad, out;
    ngx_uint_t           i;
    ngx_quic_secret_t   *secret;
    ngx_quic_ciphers_t   ciphers;
    u_char               nonce[NGX_QUIC_IV_LEN], mask[NGX_QUIC_HP_LEN];

    ad.data = res->data;
    ad.len = ngx_quic_create_header(pkt, ad.data, &pnp);

    out.len = pkt->payload.len + EVP_GCM_TLS_TAG_LEN;
    out.data = res->data + ad.len;

#ifdef NGX_QUIC_DEBUG_CRYPTO
    ngx_log_debug2(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, pkt->log, 0,
                   "quic ad len:%uz %xV", ad.len, &ad);
#endif

    if (ngx_quic_ciphers(pkt->keys->cipher, &ciphers, pkt->level) == NGX_ERROR)
    {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    secret = &pkt->keys->secrets[pkt->level].server;

    ngx_memcpy(nonce, secret->iv.data, secret->iv.len);
    ngx_quic_compute_nonce(nonce, sizeof(nonce), pkt->number);

    if (ngx_quic_tls_seal(ciphers.c, secret, &out,
                          nonce, &pkt->payload, &ad, pkt->log)
        != NGX_OK)
    {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    sample = &out.data[4 - pkt->num_len];
    if (ngx_quic_tls_hp(pkt->log, ciphers.hp, secret, mask, sample)
        != NGX_OK)
    {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    /* RFC 9001, 5.4.1.  Header Protection Application */
    ad.data[0] ^= mask[0] & ngx_quic_pkt_hp_mask(pkt->flags);

    for (i = 0; i < pkt->num_len; i++) {
        pnp[i] ^= mask[i + 1];
    }

    res->len = ad.len + out.len;

    return NGX_OK;
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_quic_create_retry_packet(ngx_quic_header_t *pkt, ngx_str_t *res)
{
    u_char              *start;
    ngx_str_t            ad, itag;
    ngx_quic_secret_t    secret;
    ngx_quic_ciphers_t   ciphers;

    /* 5.8.  Retry Packet Integrity */
    static u_char     key[16] =
        "\xbe\x0c\x69\x0b\x9f\x66\x57\x5a\x1d\x76\x6b\x54\xe3\x68\xc8\x4e";
    static u_char     key29[16] =
        "\xcc\xce\x18\x7e\xd0\x9a\x09\xd0\x57\x28\x15\x5a\x6c\xb9\x6b\xe1";
    static u_char     nonce[NGX_QUIC_IV_LEN] =
        "\x46\x15\x99\xd3\x5d\x63\x2b\xf2\x23\x98\x25\xbb";
    static u_char     nonce29[NGX_QUIC_IV_LEN] =
        "\xe5\x49\x30\xf9\x7f\x21\x36\xf0\x53\x0a\x8c\x1c";
    static ngx_str_t  in = ngx_string("");

    ad.data = res->data;
    ad.len = ngx_quic_create_retry_itag(pkt, ad.data, &start);

    itag.data = ad.data + ad.len;
    itag.len = EVP_GCM_TLS_TAG_LEN;

#ifdef NGX_QUIC_DEBUG_CRYPTO
    ngx_log_debug2(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, pkt->log, 0,
                   "quic retry itag len:%uz %xV", ad.len, &ad);
#endif

    if (ngx_quic_ciphers(0, &ciphers, pkt->level) == NGX_ERROR) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    secret.key.len = sizeof(key);
    secret.key.data = (pkt->version & 0xff000000) ? key29 : key;
    secret.iv.len = NGX_QUIC_IV_LEN;

    if (ngx_quic_tls_seal(ciphers.c, &secret, &itag,
                          (pkt->version & 0xff000000) ? nonce29 : nonce,
                          &in, &ad, pkt->log)
        != NGX_OK)
    {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    res->len = itag.data + itag.len - start;
    res->data = start;

    return NGX_OK;
}


ngx_int_t
ngx_quic_derive_key(ngx_log_t *log, const char *label, ngx_str_t *secret,
    ngx_str_t *salt, u_char *out, size_t len)
{
    size_t         is_len, info_len;
    uint8_t       *p;
    const EVP_MD  *digest;

    uint8_t        is[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
    uint8_t        info[20];

    digest = EVP_sha256();
    is_len = SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH;

    if (ngx_hkdf_extract(is, &is_len, digest, secret->data, secret->len,
                         salt->data, salt->len)
        != NGX_OK)
    {
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0,
                      "ngx_hkdf_extract(%s) failed", label);
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    info[0] = 0;
    info[1] = len;
    info[2] = ngx_strlen(label);

    info_len = 2 + 1 + info[2] + 1;

    if (info_len >= 20) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0,
                      "ngx_quic_create_key label \"%s\" too long", label);
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    p = ngx_cpymem(&info[3], label, info[2]);
    *p = '\0';

    if (ngx_hkdf_expand(out, len, digest, is, is_len, info, info_len) != NGX_OK)
    {
        ngx_ssl_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, log, 0,
                      "ngx_hkdf_expand(%s) failed", label);
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    return NGX_OK;
}


static uint64_t
ngx_quic_parse_pn(u_char **pos, ngx_int_t len, u_char *mask,
    uint64_t *largest_pn)
{
    u_char    *p;
    uint64_t   truncated_pn, expected_pn, candidate_pn;
    uint64_t   pn_nbits, pn_win, pn_hwin, pn_mask;

    pn_nbits = ngx_min(len * 8, 62);

    p = *pos;
    truncated_pn = *p++ ^ *mask++;

    while (--len) {
        truncated_pn = (truncated_pn << 8) + (*p++ ^ *mask++);
    }

    *pos = p;

    expected_pn = *largest_pn + 1;
    pn_win = 1ULL << pn_nbits;
    pn_hwin = pn_win / 2;
    pn_mask = pn_win - 1;

    candidate_pn = (expected_pn & ~pn_mask) | truncated_pn;

    if ((int64_t) candidate_pn <= (int64_t) (expected_pn - pn_hwin)
        && candidate_pn < (1ULL << 62) - pn_win)
    {
        candidate_pn += pn_win;

    } else if (candidate_pn > expected_pn + pn_hwin
               && candidate_pn >= pn_win)
    {
        candidate_pn -= pn_win;
    }

    *largest_pn = ngx_max((int64_t) *largest_pn, (int64_t) candidate_pn);

    return candidate_pn;
}


static void
ngx_quic_compute_nonce(u_char *nonce, size_t len, uint64_t pn)
{
    nonce[len - 4] ^= (pn & 0xff000000) >> 24;
    nonce[len - 3] ^= (pn & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
    nonce[len - 2] ^= (pn & 0x0000ff00) >> 8;
    nonce[len - 1] ^= (pn & 0x000000ff);
}


ngx_int_t
ngx_quic_encrypt(ngx_quic_header_t *pkt, ngx_str_t *res)
{
    if (ngx_quic_pkt_retry(pkt->flags)) {
        return ngx_quic_create_retry_packet(pkt, res);
    }

    return ngx_quic_create_packet(pkt, res);
}


ngx_int_t
ngx_quic_decrypt(ngx_quic_header_t *pkt, uint64_t *largest_pn)
{
    u_char              *p, *sample;
    size_t               len;
    uint64_t             pn, lpn;
    ngx_int_t            pnl, rc, key_phase;
    ngx_str_t            in, ad;
    ngx_quic_secret_t   *secret;
    ngx_quic_ciphers_t   ciphers;
    uint8_t              nonce[NGX_QUIC_IV_LEN], mask[NGX_QUIC_HP_LEN];

    if (ngx_quic_ciphers(pkt->keys->cipher, &ciphers, pkt->level) == NGX_ERROR)
    {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    secret = &pkt->keys->secrets[pkt->level].client;

    p = pkt->raw->pos;
    len = pkt->data + pkt->len - p;

    /*
     * RFC 9001, 5.4.2. Header Protection Sample
     *           5.4.3. AES-Based Header Protection
     *           5.4.4. ChaCha20-Based Header Protection
     *
     * the Packet Number field is assumed to be 4 bytes long
     * AES and ChaCha20 algorithms sample 16 bytes
     */

    if (len < EVP_GCM_TLS_TAG_LEN + 4) {
        return NGX_DECLINED;
    }

    sample = p + 4;

    /* header protection */

    if (ngx_quic_tls_hp(pkt->log, ciphers.hp, secret, mask, sample)
        != NGX_OK)
    {
        return NGX_DECLINED;
    }

    pkt->flags ^= mask[0] & ngx_quic_pkt_hp_mask(pkt->flags);

    if (ngx_quic_short_pkt(pkt->flags)) {
        key_phase = (pkt->flags & NGX_QUIC_PKT_KPHASE) != 0;

        if (key_phase != pkt->key_phase) {
            secret = &pkt->keys->next_key.client;
            pkt->key_update = 1;
        }
    }

    lpn = *largest_pn;

    pnl = (pkt->flags & 0x03) + 1;
    pn = ngx_quic_parse_pn(&p, pnl, &mask[1], &lpn);

    pkt->pn = pn;

    ngx_log_debug1(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, pkt->log, 0,
                   "quic packet rx clearflags:%xd", pkt->flags);
    ngx_log_debug2(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, pkt->log, 0,
                   "quic packet rx number:%uL len:%xi", pn, pnl);

    /* packet protection */

    in.data = p;
    in.len = len - pnl;

    ad.len = p - pkt->data;
    ad.data = pkt->plaintext;

    ngx_memcpy(ad.data, pkt->data, ad.len);
    ad.data[0] = pkt->flags;

    do {
        ad.data[ad.len - pnl] = pn >> (8 * (pnl - 1)) % 256;
    } while (--pnl);

    ngx_memcpy(nonce, secret->iv.data, secret->iv.len);
    ngx_quic_compute_nonce(nonce, sizeof(nonce), pn);

#ifdef NGX_QUIC_DEBUG_CRYPTO
    ngx_log_debug2(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, pkt->log, 0,
                   "quic ad len:%uz %xV", ad.len, &ad);
#endif

    pkt->payload.len = in.len - EVP_GCM_TLS_TAG_LEN;
    pkt->payload.data = pkt->plaintext + ad.len;

    rc = ngx_quic_tls_open(ciphers.c, secret, &pkt->payload,
                           nonce, &in, &ad, pkt->log);
    if (rc != NGX_OK) {
        return NGX_DECLINED;
    }

    if (pkt->payload.len == 0) {
        /*
         * RFC 9000, 12.4.  Frames and Frame Types
         *
         * An endpoint MUST treat receipt of a packet containing no
         * frames as a connection error of type PROTOCOL_VIOLATION.
         */
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, pkt->log, 0, "quic zero-length packet");
        pkt->error = NGX_QUIC_ERR_PROTOCOL_VIOLATION;
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    if (pkt->flags & ngx_quic_pkt_rb_mask(pkt->flags)) {
        /*
         * RFC 9000, Reserved Bits
         *
         * An endpoint MUST treat receipt of a packet that has
         * a non-zero value for these bits, after removing both
         * packet and header protection, as a connection error
         * of type PROTOCOL_VIOLATION.
         */
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_INFO, pkt->log, 0,
                      "quic reserved bit set in packet");
        pkt->error = NGX_QUIC_ERR_PROTOCOL_VIOLATION;
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

#if defined(NGX_QUIC_DEBUG_CRYPTO) && defined(NGX_QUIC_DEBUG_PACKETS)
    ngx_log_debug2(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_EVENT, pkt->log, 0,
                   "quic packet payload len:%uz %xV",
                   pkt->payload.len, &pkt->payload);
#endif

    *largest_pn = lpn;

    return NGX_OK;
}