Mercurial > hg > mercurial-crew-with-dirclash
annotate doc/hg.1.txt @ 870:a82eae840447
Teach walk code about absolute paths.
The first consequence of this is that absolute and relative paths now
all work in the same way. The second is that paths that lie outside
the repository now cause an error to be reported, instead of something
arbitrary and expensive being done.
Internally, all of the serious work is in the util package. The new
canonpath function takes an arbitrary path and either returns a
canonical path or raises an error. Because it needs to know where the
repository root is, it must be fed a repository or dirstate object, which
has given commands.matchpats and friends a new parameter to pass along.
The util.matcher function uses this to canonicalise globs and relative
path names.
Meanwhile, I've moved the Abort exception from commands to util, and
killed off the redundant util.CommandError exception.
author | Bryan O'Sullivan <bos@serpentine.com> |
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date | Sun, 07 Aug 2005 12:43:11 -0800 |
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children | 141744605b51 c2e77581bc84 |
rev | line source |
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177 | 1 HG(1) |
2 ===== | |
3 Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com> | |
4 | |
5 NAME | |
6 ---- | |
438 | 7 hg - Mercurial source code management system |
177 | 8 |
9 SYNOPSIS | |
10 -------- | |
11 'hg' [-v -d -q -y] <command> [command options] [files] | |
12 | |
13 DESCRIPTION | |
14 ----------- | |
15 The hg(1) command provides a command line interface to the Mercurial system. | |
16 | |
17 OPTIONS | |
18 ------- | |
438 | 19 |
177 | 20 --debug, -d:: |
21 enable debugging output | |
22 | |
23 --quiet, -q:: | |
24 suppress output | |
25 | |
26 --verbose, -v:: | |
27 enable additional output | |
28 | |
29 --noninteractive, -y:: | |
30 do not prompt, assume 'yes' for any required answers | |
31 | |
32 COMMAND ELEMENTS | |
33 ---------------- | |
34 | |
35 files ...:: | |
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36 indicates one or more filename or relative path filenames; see |
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37 "FILE NAME PATTERNS" for information on pattern matching |
177 | 38 |
39 path:: | |
40 indicates a path on the local machine | |
41 | |
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42 revision:: |
438 | 43 indicates a changeset which can be specified as a changeset revision |
44 number, a tag, or a unique substring of the changeset hash value | |
177 | 45 |
46 repository path:: | |
498 | 47 either the pathname of a local repository or the URI of a remote |
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48 repository. There are two available URI protocols, http:// which is |
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49 fast and the old-http:// protocol which is much slower but does not |
438 | 50 require a special server on the web host. |
177 | 51 |
52 COMMANDS | |
53 -------- | |
438 | 54 |
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55 add [options] [files ...]:: |
497 | 56 Schedule files to be version controlled and added to the repository. |
57 | |
498 | 58 The files will be added to the repository at the next commit. |
177 | 59 |
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60 If no names are given, add all files in the current directory and |
728 | 61 its subdirectories. |
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62 |
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63 addremove [options] [files ...]:: |
497 | 64 Add all new files and remove all missing files from the repository. |
65 | |
66 New files are ignored if they match any of the patterns in .hgignore. As | |
498 | 67 with add, these changes take effect at the next commit. |
177 | 68 |
438 | 69 annotate [-r <rev> -u -n -c] [files ...]:: |
497 | 70 List changes in files, showing the revision id responsible for each line |
71 | |
72 This command is useful to discover who did a change or when a change took | |
73 place. | |
74 | |
438 | 75 options: |
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76 -I, --include <pat> include names matching the given patterns |
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77 -X, --exclude <pat> exclude names matching the given patterns |
438 | 78 -r, --revision <rev> annotate the specified revision |
79 -u, --user list the author | |
80 -c, --changeset list the changeset | |
81 -n, --number list the revision number (default) | |
177 | 82 |
438 | 83 cat <file> [revision]:: |
497 | 84 Output to stdout the given revision for the specified file. |
85 | |
498 | 86 If no revision is given then the tip is used. |
177 | 87 |
485 | 88 clone [-U] <source> [dest]:: |
497 | 89 Create a copy of an existing repository in a new directory. |
90 | |
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91 If no destination directory name is specified, it defaults to the |
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92 basename of the source. |
497 | 93 |
498 | 94 The source is added to the new repository's .hg/hgrc file to be used in |
497 | 95 future pulls. |
96 | |
498 | 97 For efficiency, hardlinks are used for cloning whenever the |
98 source and destination are on the same filesystem. | |
497 | 99 |
100 options: | |
505 | 101 -U, --noupdate do not update the new working directory |
497 | 102 |
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103 commit [options] [files...]:: |
498 | 104 Commit changes to the given files into the repository. |
497 | 105 |
498 | 106 If a list of files is omitted, all changes reported by "hg status" |
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107 from the root of the repository will be commited. |
497 | 108 |
498 | 109 The HGEDITOR or EDITOR environment variables are used to start an |
110 editor to add a commit comment. | |
497 | 111 |
112 Options: | |
113 | |
114 -A, --addremove run addremove during commit | |
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115 -I, --include <pat> include names matching the given patterns |
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116 -X, --exclude <pat> exclude names matching the given patterns |
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117 -m, --message <text> use <text> as commit message |
497 | 118 -l, --logfile <file> show the commit message for the given file |
119 -d, --date <datecode> record datecode as commit date | |
120 -u, --user <user> record user as commiter | |
121 | |
122 aliases: ci | |
123 | |
124 copy <source> <dest>:: | |
125 Mark <dest> file as a copy or rename of a <source> one | |
126 | |
127 This command takes effect for the next commit. | |
128 | |
129 diff [-r revision] [-r revision] [files ...]:: | |
130 Show differences between revisions for the specified files. | |
131 | |
132 Differences between files are shown using the unified diff format. | |
133 | |
498 | 134 When two revision arguments are given, then changes are shown |
135 between those revisions. If only one revision is specified then | |
136 that revision is compared to the working directory, and, when no | |
137 revisions are specified, the working directory files are compared | |
138 to its parent. | |
497 | 139 |
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140 options: |
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143 |
580 | 144 export [-o filespec] [revision] ...:: |
145 Print the changeset header and diffs for one or more revisions. | |
146 | |
147 The information shown in the changeset header is: author, | |
148 changeset hash, parent and commit comment. | |
149 | |
150 Output may be to a file, in which case the name of the file is | |
151 given using a format string. The formatting rules are as follows: | |
497 | 152 |
580 | 153 %% literal "%" character |
154 %H changeset hash (40 bytes of hexadecimal) | |
155 %N number of patches being generated | |
156 %R changeset revision number | |
157 %b basename of the exporting repository | |
158 %h short-form changeset hash (12 bytes of hexadecimal) | |
159 %n zero-padded sequence number, starting at 1 | |
160 %r zero-padded changeset revision number | |
161 | |
162 Options: | |
163 | |
164 -o, --output <filespec> print output to file with formatted named | |
497 | 165 |
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166 forget [options] [files]:: |
497 | 167 Undo an 'hg add' scheduled for the next commit. |
168 | |
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169 options: |
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172 |
497 | 173 heads:: |
174 Show all repository head changesets. | |
175 | |
498 | 176 Repository "heads" are changesets that don't have children |
177 changesets. They are where development generally takes place and | |
178 are the usual targets for update and merge operations. | |
497 | 179 |
180 identify:: | |
181 Print a short summary of the current state of the repo. | |
182 | |
183 This summary identifies the repository state using one or two parent | |
184 hash identifiers, followed by a "+" if there are uncommitted changes | |
185 in the working directory, followed by a list of tags for this revision. | |
186 | |
187 aliases: id | |
188 | |
189 import [-p <n> -b <base> -q] <patches>:: | |
190 Import a list of patches and commit them individually. | |
191 | |
192 options: | |
193 -p, --strip <n> directory strip option for patch. This has the same | |
194 meaning as the correnponding patch option | |
195 -b <path> base directory to read patches from | |
196 | |
197 aliases: patch | |
198 | |
496 | 199 init:: |
200 Initialize a new repository in the current directory. | |
177 | 201 |
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202 locate [options] [files]:: |
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203 Print all files under Mercurial control whose names match the |
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204 given patterns. |
627 | 205 |
206 This command searches the current directory and its | |
207 subdirectories. To search an entire repository, move to the root | |
208 of the repository. | |
209 | |
210 If no patterns are given to match, this command prints all file | |
211 names. | |
212 | |
213 If you want to feed the output of this command into the "xargs" | |
214 command, use the "-0" option to both this command and "xargs". | |
215 This will avoid the problem of "xargs" treating single filenames | |
216 that contain white space as multiple file names. | |
217 | |
218 options: | |
219 | |
220 -0, --print0 end filenames with NUL, for use with xargs | |
221 -f, --fullpath print complete paths from the filesystem root | |
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222 -I, --include <pat> include names matching the given patterns |
627 | 223 -r, --rev <rev> search the repository as it stood at rev |
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224 -X, --exclude <pat> exclude names matching the given patterns |
627 | 225 |
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226 log [-r revision ...] [-p] [file]:: |
509 | 227 Print the revision history of the specified file or the entire project. |
177 | 228 |
509 | 229 By default this command outputs: changeset id and hash, tags, |
230 parents, user, date and time, and a summary for each commit. The | |
231 -v switch adds some more detail, such as changed files, manifest | |
232 hashes or message signatures. | |
233 | |
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234 options: |
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235 -r, --rev <A>, ... When a revision argument is given, only this file or |
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236 changelog revision is displayed. With two revision |
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237 arguments all revisions in this range are listed. |
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238 Additional revision arguments may be given repeating |
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239 the above cycle. |
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240 -p, --patch show patch |
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241 |
509 | 242 aliases: history |
497 | 243 |
438 | 244 manifest [revision]:: |
497 | 245 Print a list of version controlled files for the given revision. |
246 | |
247 The manifest is the list of files being version controlled. If no revision | |
248 is given then the tip is used. | |
438 | 249 |
250 parents:: | |
251 Print the working directory's parent revisions. | |
252 | |
253 pull <repository path>:: | |
498 | 254 Pull changes from a remote repository to a local one. |
497 | 255 |
498 | 256 This finds all changes from the repository at the specified path |
257 or URL and adds them to the local repository. By default, this | |
258 does not update the copy of the project in the working directory. | |
438 | 259 |
260 options: | |
261 -u, --update update the working directory to tip after pull | |
262 | |
263 push <destination>:: | |
497 | 264 Push changes from the local repository to the given destination. |
265 | |
498 | 266 This is the symmetrical operation for pull. It helps to move |
267 changes from the current repository to a different one. If the | |
268 destination is local this is identical to a pull in that directory | |
269 from the current one. | |
438 | 270 |
271 The other currently available push method is SSH. This requires an | |
272 accessible shell account on the destination machine and a copy of | |
273 hg in the remote path. Destinations are specified in the following | |
274 form: | |
275 | |
276 ssh://[user@]host[:port]/path | |
277 | |
747 | 278 rawcommit [-p -d -u -F -m -l]:: |
497 | 279 Lowlevel commit, for use in helper scripts. |
280 | |
281 This command is not intended to be used by normal users, as it is | |
282 primarily useful for importing from other SCMs. | |
177 | 283 |
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284 recover:: |
497 | 285 Recover from an interrupted commit or pull. |
286 | |
287 This command tries to fix the repository status after an interrupted | |
288 operation. It should only be necessary when Mercurial suggests it. | |
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289 |
177 | 290 remove [files ...]:: |
497 | 291 Schedule the indicated files for removal from the repository. |
292 | |
498 | 293 This command shedules the files to be removed at the next commit. |
294 This only removes files from the current branch, not from the | |
295 entire project history. | |
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296 |
438 | 297 aliases: rm |
177 | 298 |
588 | 299 revert [names ...]:: |
300 Revert any uncommitted modifications made to the named files or | |
301 directories. This restores the contents of the affected files to | |
302 an unmodified state. | |
303 | |
304 If a file has been deleted, it is recreated. If the executable | |
305 mode of a file was changed, it is reset. | |
306 | |
307 If a directory is given, all files in that directory and its | |
308 subdirectories are reverted. | |
309 | |
310 If no arguments are given, all files in the current directory and | |
311 its subdirectories are reverted. | |
312 | |
313 options: | |
314 -r, --rev <rev> revision to revert to | |
315 -n, --nonrecursive do not recurse into subdirectories | |
316 | |
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317 root:: |
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318 Print the root directory of the current repository. |
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319 |
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320 serve [options]:: |
438 | 321 Start a local HTTP repository browser and pull server. |
322 | |
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323 By default, the server logs accesses to stdout and errors to |
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324 stderr. Use the "-A" and "-E" options to log to files. |
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325 |
438 | 326 options: |
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327 -A, --accesslog <file> name of access log file to write to |
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328 -E, --errorlog <file> name of error log file to write to |
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329 -a, --address <addr> address to use |
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330 -p, --port <n> port to use (default: 8000) |
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331 -n, --name <name> name to show in web pages (default: working dir) |
438 | 332 -t, --templatedir <path> web templates to use |
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333 -6, --ipv6 use IPv6 in addition to IPv4 |
177 | 334 |
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335 status [options] [files]:: |
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336 Show changed files in the working directory. If no names are |
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337 given, all files are shown. Otherwise, only files matching the |
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338 given names are shown. |
438 | 339 |
497 | 340 The codes used to show the status of files are: |
341 | |
746 | 342 M = changed |
438 | 343 A = added |
344 R = removed | |
345 ? = not tracked | |
346 | |
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347 options: |
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348 |
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349 -I, --include <pat> include names matching the given patterns |
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350 -X, --exclude <pat> exclude names matching the given patterns |
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351 |
750 | 352 tag [-l -m <text> -d <datecode> -u <user>] <name> [revision]:: |
497 | 353 Name a particular revision using <name>. |
354 | |
355 Tags are used to name particular revisions of the repository and are | |
356 very useful to compare different revision, to go back to significant | |
498 | 357 earlier versions or to mark branch points as releases, etc. |
497 | 358 |
498 | 359 If no revision is given, the tip is used. |
438 | 360 |
498 | 361 To facilitate version control, distribution, and merging of tags, |
362 they are stored as a file named ".hgtags" which is managed | |
363 similarly to other project files and can be hand-edited if | |
364 necessary. | |
365 | |
438 | 366 options: |
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367 -l, --local make the tag local |
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368 -m, --message <text> message for tag commit log entry |
438 | 369 -d, --date <datecode> datecode for commit |
370 -u, --user <user> user for commit | |
177 | 371 |
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372 Note: Local tags are not version-controlled or distributed and are |
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373 stored in the .hg/localtags file. If there exists a local tag and |
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374 a public tag with the same name, local tag is used. |
498 | 375 |
177 | 376 tags:: |
478
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377 List the repository tags. |
438 | 378 |
498 | 379 This lists both regular and local tags. |
497 | 380 |
438 | 381 tip:: |
478
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382 Show the tip revision. |
177 | 383 |
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384 undo:: |
438 | 385 Undo the last commit or pull transaction. |
386 | |
595 | 387 Roll back the last pull or commit transaction on the |
388 repository, restoring the project to its earlier state. | |
389 | |
390 This command should be used with care. There is only one level of | |
391 undo and there is no redo. | |
392 | |
393 This command is not intended for use on public repositories. Once | |
394 a change is visible for pull by other users, undoing it locally is | |
395 ineffective. | |
396 | |
438 | 397 update [-m -C] [revision]:: |
498 | 398 Update the working directory to the specified revision. |
438 | 399 |
498 | 400 By default, update will refuse to run if doing so would require |
401 merging or discarding local changes. | |
402 | |
403 With the -m option, a merge will be performed. | |
404 | |
405 With the -C option, local changes will be lost. | |
497 | 406 |
438 | 407 options: |
408 -m, --merge allow merging of branches | |
409 -C, --clean overwrite locally modified files | |
410 | |
411 aliases: up checkout co | |
412 | |
413 verify:: | |
414 Verify the integrity of the current repository. | |
415 | |
416 This will perform an extensive check of the repository's | |
417 integrity, validating the hashes and checksums of each entry in | |
418 the changelog, manifest, and tracked files, as well as the | |
419 integrity of their crosslinks and indices. | |
420 | |
724
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421 FILE NAME PATTERNS |
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422 ------------------ |
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423 |
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424 Mercurial accepts several notations for identifying one or more |
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425 file at a time. |
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426 |
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427 By default, Mercurial treats file names as shell-style extended |
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428 glob patterns. |
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429 |
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430 Alternate pattern notations must be specified explicitly. |
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431 |
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432 To use a plain path name without any pattern matching, start a |
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433 name with "path:". These path names must match completely, from |
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434 the root of the current repository. |
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435 |
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436 To use an extended glob, start a name with "glob:". Globs are |
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437 rooted at the current directory; a glob such as "*.c" will match |
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438 files ending in ".c" in the current directory only. |
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439 |
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440 The supported glob syntax extensions are "**" to match any string |
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441 across path separators, and "{a,b}" to mean "a or b". |
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442 |
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443 To use a Perl/Python regular expression, start a name with "re:". |
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444 Regexp pattern matching is anchored at the root of the repository. |
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445 |
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446 Plain examples: |
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447 |
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448 path:foo/bar a name bar in a directory named foo in the root of |
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449 the repository |
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450 path:path:name a file or directory named "path:name" |
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451 |
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452 Glob examples: |
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453 |
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454 glob:*.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory |
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455 *.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory |
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456 **.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory, or |
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457 any subdirectory |
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458 foo/*.c any name ending in ".c" in the directory foo |
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459 foo/**.c any name ending in ".c" in the directory foo, or any |
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460 subdirectory |
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461 |
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462 Regexp examples: |
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463 |
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464 re:.*\.c$ any name ending in ".c", anywhere in the repsitory |
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465 |
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466 |
580 | 467 SPECIFYING SINGLE REVISIONS |
468 --------------------------- | |
469 | |
470 Mercurial accepts several notations for identifying individual | |
471 revisions. | |
472 | |
473 A plain integer is treated as a revision number. Negative | |
474 integers are treated as offsets from the tip, with -1 denoting the | |
475 tip. | |
476 | |
477 A 40-digit hexadecimal string is treated as a unique revision | |
478 identifier. | |
479 | |
480 A hexadecimal string less than 40 characters long is treated as a | |
481 unique revision identifier, and referred to as a short-form | |
482 identifier. A short-form identifier is only valid if it is the | |
483 prefix of one full-length identifier. | |
484 | |
485 Any other string is treated as a tag name, which is a symbolic | |
486 name associated with a revision identifier. Tag names may not | |
487 contain the ":" character. | |
488 | |
489 The reserved name "tip" is a special tag that always identifies | |
490 the most recent revision. | |
491 | |
492 SPECIFYING MULTIPLE REVISIONS | |
493 ----------------------------- | |
494 | |
495 When Mercurial accepts more than one revision, they may be | |
496 specified individually, or provided as a continuous range, | |
497 separated by the ":" character. | |
498 | |
499 The syntax of range notation is [BEGIN]:[END], where BEGIN and END | |
500 are revision identifiers. Both BEGIN and END are optional. If | |
501 BEGIN is not specified, it defaults to revision number 0. If END | |
502 is not specified, it defaults to the tip. The range ":" thus | |
503 means "all revisions". | |
504 | |
505 If BEGIN is greater than END, revisions are treated in reverse | |
506 order. | |
507 | |
508 A range acts as an open interval. This means that a range of 3:5 | |
509 gives 3, 4 and 5. Similarly, a range of 4:2 gives 4, 3, and 2. | |
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510 |
177 | 511 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES |
512 --------------------- | |
438 | 513 |
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514 HGEDITOR:: |
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515 This is the name of the editor to use when committing. Defaults to the |
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516 value of EDITOR. |
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517 |
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518 (deprecated, use .hgrc) |
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519 |
177 | 520 HGMERGE:: |
498 | 521 An executable to use for resolving merge conflicts. The program |
438 | 522 will be executed with three arguments: local file, remote file, |
523 ancestor file. | |
524 | |
525 The default program is "hgmerge", which is a shell script provided | |
526 by Mercurial with some sensible defaults. | |
177 | 527 |
608
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528 (deprecated, use .hgrc) |
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529 |
177 | 530 HGUSER:: |
438 | 531 This is the string used for the author of a commit. |
177 | 532 |
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533 (deprecated, use .hgrc) |
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534 |
177 | 535 EMAIL:: |
438 | 536 If HGUSER is not set, this will be used as the author for a commit. |
177 | 537 |
538 LOGNAME:: | |
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539 If neither HGUSER nor EMAIL is set, LOGNAME will be used (with |
438 | 540 '@hostname' appended) as the author value for a commit. |
177 | 541 |
542 EDITOR:: | |
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543 This is the name of the editor used in the hgmerge script. It will be |
498 | 544 used for commit messages if HGEDITOR isn't set. Defaults to 'vi'. |
438 | 545 |
546 PYTHONPATH:: | |
547 This is used by Python to find imported modules and may need to be set | |
548 appropriately if Mercurial is not installed system-wide. | |
177 | 549 |
550 FILES | |
551 ----- | |
552 .hgignore:: | |
438 | 553 This file contains regular expressions (one per line) that describe file |
478
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554 names that should be ignored by hg. |
177 | 555 |
556 .hgtags:: | |
438 | 557 This file contains changeset hash values and text tag names (one of each |
177 | 558 seperated by spaces) that correspond to tagged versions of the repository |
559 contents. | |
560 | |
438 | 561 $HOME/.hgrc, .hg/hgrc:: |
562 This file contains defaults and configuration. Values in .hg/hgrc | |
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563 override those in .hgrc. See hgrc(5) for details of the contents |
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564 and format of these files. |
321 | 565 |
177 | 566 BUGS |
567 ---- | |
568 Probably lots, please post them to the mailing list (See Resources below) | |
569 when you find them. | |
570 | |
671
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571 SEE ALSO |
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572 -------- |
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573 hgrc(5) |
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574 |
177 | 575 AUTHOR |
576 ------ | |
577 Written by Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com> | |
578 | |
579 RESOURCES | |
580 --------- | |
581 http://selenic.com/mercurial[Main Web Site] | |
582 | |
671
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583 http://www.serpentine.com/mercurial[Wiki site] |
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584 |
177 | 585 http://selenic.com/hg[Source code repository] |
586 | |
587 http://selenic.com/mailman/listinfo/mercurial[Mailing list] | |
588 | |
589 COPYING | |
590 ------- | |
591 Copyright (C) 2005 Matt Mackall. | |
592 Free use of this software is granted under the terms of the GNU General | |
593 Public License (GPL). |