view src/http/modules/ngx_http_range_filter_module.c @ 6412:4ba91a4c66a3

HTTP/2: implemented per request timeouts (closes #626). Previously, there were only three timeouts used globally for the whole HTTP/2 connection: 1. Idle timeout for inactivity when there are no streams in processing (the "http2_idle_timeout" directive); 2. Receive timeout for incomplete frames when there are no streams in processing (the "http2_recv_timeout" directive); 3. Send timeout when there are frames waiting in the output queue (the "send_timeout" directive on a server level). Reaching one of these timeouts leads to HTTP/2 connection close. This left a number of scenarios when a connection can get stuck without any processing and timeouts: 1. A client has sent the headers block partially so nginx starts processing a new stream but cannot continue without the rest of HEADERS and/or CONTINUATION frames; 2. When nginx waits for the request body; 3. All streams are stuck on exhausted connection or stream windows. The first idea that was rejected was to detect when the whole connection gets stuck because of these situations and set the global receive timeout. The disadvantage of such approach would be inconsistent behaviour in some typical use cases. For example, if a user never replies to the browser's question about where to save the downloaded file, the stream will be eventually closed by a timeout. On the other hand, this will not happen if there's some activity in other concurrent streams. Now almost all the request timeouts work like in HTTP/1.x connections, so the "client_header_timeout", "client_body_timeout", and "send_timeout" are respected. These timeouts close the request. The global timeouts work as before. Previously, the c->write->delayed flag was abused to avoid setting timeouts on stream events. Now, the "active" and "ready" flags are manipulated instead to control the processing of individual streams.
author Valentin Bartenev <vbart@nginx.com>
date Wed, 24 Feb 2016 15:58:07 +0300
parents 29f35e60840b
children 2cd019520210
line wrap: on
line source


/*
 * Copyright (C) Igor Sysoev
 * Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
 */


#include <ngx_config.h>
#include <ngx_core.h>
#include <ngx_http.h>


/*
 * the single part format:
 *
 * "HTTP/1.0 206 Partial Content" CRLF
 * ... header ...
 * "Content-Type: image/jpeg" CRLF
 * "Content-Length: SIZE" CRLF
 * "Content-Range: bytes START-END/SIZE" CRLF
 * CRLF
 * ... data ...
 *
 *
 * the multipart format:
 *
 * "HTTP/1.0 206 Partial Content" CRLF
 * ... header ...
 * "Content-Type: multipart/byteranges; boundary=0123456789" CRLF
 * CRLF
 * CRLF
 * "--0123456789" CRLF
 * "Content-Type: image/jpeg" CRLF
 * "Content-Range: bytes START0-END0/SIZE" CRLF
 * CRLF
 * ... data ...
 * CRLF
 * "--0123456789" CRLF
 * "Content-Type: image/jpeg" CRLF
 * "Content-Range: bytes START1-END1/SIZE" CRLF
 * CRLF
 * ... data ...
 * CRLF
 * "--0123456789--" CRLF
 */


typedef struct {
    off_t        start;
    off_t        end;
    ngx_str_t    content_range;
} ngx_http_range_t;


typedef struct {
    off_t        offset;
    ngx_str_t    boundary_header;
    ngx_array_t  ranges;
} ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t;


static ngx_int_t ngx_http_range_parse(ngx_http_request_t *r,
    ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t *ctx, ngx_uint_t ranges);
static ngx_int_t ngx_http_range_singlepart_header(ngx_http_request_t *r,
    ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t *ctx);
static ngx_int_t ngx_http_range_multipart_header(ngx_http_request_t *r,
    ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t *ctx);
static ngx_int_t ngx_http_range_not_satisfiable(ngx_http_request_t *r);
static ngx_int_t ngx_http_range_test_overlapped(ngx_http_request_t *r,
    ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t *ctx, ngx_chain_t *in);
static ngx_int_t ngx_http_range_singlepart_body(ngx_http_request_t *r,
    ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t *ctx, ngx_chain_t *in);
static ngx_int_t ngx_http_range_multipart_body(ngx_http_request_t *r,
    ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t *ctx, ngx_chain_t *in);

static ngx_int_t ngx_http_range_header_filter_init(ngx_conf_t *cf);
static ngx_int_t ngx_http_range_body_filter_init(ngx_conf_t *cf);


static ngx_http_module_t  ngx_http_range_header_filter_module_ctx = {
    NULL,                                  /* preconfiguration */
    ngx_http_range_header_filter_init,     /* postconfiguration */

    NULL,                                  /* create main configuration */
    NULL,                                  /* init main configuration */

    NULL,                                  /* create server configuration */
    NULL,                                  /* merge server configuration */

    NULL,                                  /* create location configuration */
    NULL,                                  /* merge location configuration */
};


ngx_module_t  ngx_http_range_header_filter_module = {
    NGX_MODULE_V1,
    &ngx_http_range_header_filter_module_ctx, /* module context */
    NULL,                                  /* module directives */
    NGX_HTTP_MODULE,                       /* module type */
    NULL,                                  /* init master */
    NULL,                                  /* init module */
    NULL,                                  /* init process */
    NULL,                                  /* init thread */
    NULL,                                  /* exit thread */
    NULL,                                  /* exit process */
    NULL,                                  /* exit master */
    NGX_MODULE_V1_PADDING
};


static ngx_http_module_t  ngx_http_range_body_filter_module_ctx = {
    NULL,                                  /* preconfiguration */
    ngx_http_range_body_filter_init,       /* postconfiguration */

    NULL,                                  /* create main configuration */
    NULL,                                  /* init main configuration */

    NULL,                                  /* create server configuration */
    NULL,                                  /* merge server configuration */

    NULL,                                  /* create location configuration */
    NULL,                                  /* merge location configuration */
};


ngx_module_t  ngx_http_range_body_filter_module = {
    NGX_MODULE_V1,
    &ngx_http_range_body_filter_module_ctx, /* module context */
    NULL,                                  /* module directives */
    NGX_HTTP_MODULE,                       /* module type */
    NULL,                                  /* init master */
    NULL,                                  /* init module */
    NULL,                                  /* init process */
    NULL,                                  /* init thread */
    NULL,                                  /* exit thread */
    NULL,                                  /* exit process */
    NULL,                                  /* exit master */
    NGX_MODULE_V1_PADDING
};


static ngx_http_output_header_filter_pt  ngx_http_next_header_filter;
static ngx_http_output_body_filter_pt    ngx_http_next_body_filter;


static ngx_int_t
ngx_http_range_header_filter(ngx_http_request_t *r)
{
    time_t                        if_range_time;
    ngx_str_t                    *if_range, *etag;
    ngx_uint_t                    ranges;
    ngx_http_core_loc_conf_t     *clcf;
    ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t  *ctx;

    if (r->http_version < NGX_HTTP_VERSION_10
        || r->headers_out.status != NGX_HTTP_OK
        || (r != r->main && !r->subrequest_ranges)
        || r->headers_out.content_length_n == -1
        || !r->allow_ranges)
    {
        return ngx_http_next_header_filter(r);
    }

    clcf = ngx_http_get_module_loc_conf(r, ngx_http_core_module);

    if (clcf->max_ranges == 0) {
        return ngx_http_next_header_filter(r);
    }

    if (r->headers_in.range == NULL
        || r->headers_in.range->value.len < 7
        || ngx_strncasecmp(r->headers_in.range->value.data,
                           (u_char *) "bytes=", 6)
           != 0)
    {
        goto next_filter;
    }

    if (r->headers_in.if_range) {

        if_range = &r->headers_in.if_range->value;

        if (if_range->len >= 2 && if_range->data[if_range->len - 1] == '"') {

            if (r->headers_out.etag == NULL) {
                goto next_filter;
            }

            etag = &r->headers_out.etag->value;

            ngx_log_debug2(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_HTTP, r->connection->log, 0,
                           "http ir:%V etag:%V", if_range, etag);

            if (if_range->len != etag->len
                || ngx_strncmp(if_range->data, etag->data, etag->len) != 0)
            {
                goto next_filter;
            }

            goto parse;
        }

        if (r->headers_out.last_modified_time == (time_t) -1) {
            goto next_filter;
        }

        if_range_time = ngx_parse_http_time(if_range->data, if_range->len);

        ngx_log_debug2(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_HTTP, r->connection->log, 0,
                       "http ir:%d lm:%d",
                       if_range_time, r->headers_out.last_modified_time);

        if (if_range_time != r->headers_out.last_modified_time) {
            goto next_filter;
        }
    }

parse:

    ctx = ngx_pcalloc(r->pool, sizeof(ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t));
    if (ctx == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    ctx->offset = r->headers_out.content_offset;

    if (ngx_array_init(&ctx->ranges, r->pool, 1, sizeof(ngx_http_range_t))
        != NGX_OK)
    {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    ranges = r->single_range ? 1 : clcf->max_ranges;

    switch (ngx_http_range_parse(r, ctx, ranges)) {

    case NGX_OK:
        ngx_http_set_ctx(r, ctx, ngx_http_range_body_filter_module);

        r->headers_out.status = NGX_HTTP_PARTIAL_CONTENT;
        r->headers_out.status_line.len = 0;

        if (ctx->ranges.nelts == 1) {
            return ngx_http_range_singlepart_header(r, ctx);
        }

        return ngx_http_range_multipart_header(r, ctx);

    case NGX_HTTP_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE:
        return ngx_http_range_not_satisfiable(r);

    case NGX_ERROR:
        return NGX_ERROR;

    default: /* NGX_DECLINED */
        break;
    }

next_filter:

    r->headers_out.accept_ranges = ngx_list_push(&r->headers_out.headers);
    if (r->headers_out.accept_ranges == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    r->headers_out.accept_ranges->hash = 1;
    ngx_str_set(&r->headers_out.accept_ranges->key, "Accept-Ranges");
    ngx_str_set(&r->headers_out.accept_ranges->value, "bytes");

    return ngx_http_next_header_filter(r);
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_http_range_parse(ngx_http_request_t *r, ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t *ctx,
    ngx_uint_t ranges)
{
    u_char                       *p;
    off_t                         start, end, size, content_length, cutoff,
                                  cutlim;
    ngx_uint_t                    suffix;
    ngx_http_range_t             *range;
    ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t  *mctx;

    if (r != r->main) {
        mctx = ngx_http_get_module_ctx(r->main,
                                       ngx_http_range_body_filter_module);
        if (mctx) {
            ctx->ranges = mctx->ranges;
            return NGX_OK;
        }
    }

    p = r->headers_in.range->value.data + 6;
    size = 0;
    content_length = r->headers_out.content_length_n;

    cutoff = NGX_MAX_OFF_T_VALUE / 10;
    cutlim = NGX_MAX_OFF_T_VALUE % 10;

    for ( ;; ) {
        start = 0;
        end = 0;
        suffix = 0;

        while (*p == ' ') { p++; }

        if (*p != '-') {
            if (*p < '0' || *p > '9') {
                return NGX_HTTP_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE;
            }

            while (*p >= '0' && *p <= '9') {
                if (start >= cutoff && (start > cutoff || *p - '0' > cutlim)) {
                    return NGX_HTTP_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE;
                }

                start = start * 10 + *p++ - '0';
            }

            while (*p == ' ') { p++; }

            if (*p++ != '-') {
                return NGX_HTTP_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE;
            }

            while (*p == ' ') { p++; }

            if (*p == ',' || *p == '\0') {
                end = content_length;
                goto found;
            }

        } else {
            suffix = 1;
            p++;
        }

        if (*p < '0' || *p > '9') {
            return NGX_HTTP_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE;
        }

        while (*p >= '0' && *p <= '9') {
            if (end >= cutoff && (end > cutoff || *p - '0' > cutlim)) {
                return NGX_HTTP_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE;
            }

            end = end * 10 + *p++ - '0';
        }

        while (*p == ' ') { p++; }

        if (*p != ',' && *p != '\0') {
            return NGX_HTTP_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE;
        }

        if (suffix) {
            start = content_length - end;
            end = content_length - 1;
        }

        if (end >= content_length) {
            end = content_length;

        } else {
            end++;
        }

    found:

        if (start < end) {
            range = ngx_array_push(&ctx->ranges);
            if (range == NULL) {
                return NGX_ERROR;
            }

            range->start = start;
            range->end = end;

            size += end - start;

            if (ranges-- == 0) {
                return NGX_DECLINED;
            }
        }

        if (*p++ != ',') {
            break;
        }
    }

    if (ctx->ranges.nelts == 0) {
        return NGX_HTTP_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE;
    }

    if (size > content_length) {
        return NGX_DECLINED;
    }

    return NGX_OK;
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_http_range_singlepart_header(ngx_http_request_t *r,
    ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t *ctx)
{
    ngx_table_elt_t   *content_range;
    ngx_http_range_t  *range;

    if (r != r->main) {
        return ngx_http_next_header_filter(r);
    }

    content_range = ngx_list_push(&r->headers_out.headers);
    if (content_range == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    r->headers_out.content_range = content_range;

    content_range->hash = 1;
    ngx_str_set(&content_range->key, "Content-Range");

    content_range->value.data = ngx_pnalloc(r->pool,
                                    sizeof("bytes -/") - 1 + 3 * NGX_OFF_T_LEN);
    if (content_range->value.data == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    /* "Content-Range: bytes SSSS-EEEE/TTTT" header */

    range = ctx->ranges.elts;

    content_range->value.len = ngx_sprintf(content_range->value.data,
                                           "bytes %O-%O/%O",
                                           range->start, range->end - 1,
                                           r->headers_out.content_length_n)
                               - content_range->value.data;

    r->headers_out.content_length_n = range->end - range->start;
    r->headers_out.content_offset = range->start;

    if (r->headers_out.content_length) {
        r->headers_out.content_length->hash = 0;
        r->headers_out.content_length = NULL;
    }

    return ngx_http_next_header_filter(r);
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_http_range_multipart_header(ngx_http_request_t *r,
    ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t *ctx)
{
    size_t              len;
    ngx_uint_t          i;
    ngx_http_range_t   *range;
    ngx_atomic_uint_t   boundary;

    len = sizeof(CRLF "--") - 1 + NGX_ATOMIC_T_LEN
          + sizeof(CRLF "Content-Type: ") - 1
          + r->headers_out.content_type.len
          + sizeof(CRLF "Content-Range: bytes ") - 1;

    if (r->headers_out.content_type_len == r->headers_out.content_type.len
        && r->headers_out.charset.len)
    {
        len += sizeof("; charset=") - 1 + r->headers_out.charset.len;
    }

    ctx->boundary_header.data = ngx_pnalloc(r->pool, len);
    if (ctx->boundary_header.data == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    boundary = ngx_next_temp_number(0);

    /*
     * The boundary header of the range:
     * CRLF
     * "--0123456789" CRLF
     * "Content-Type: image/jpeg" CRLF
     * "Content-Range: bytes "
     */

    if (r->headers_out.content_type_len == r->headers_out.content_type.len
        && r->headers_out.charset.len)
    {
        ctx->boundary_header.len = ngx_sprintf(ctx->boundary_header.data,
                                           CRLF "--%0muA" CRLF
                                           "Content-Type: %V; charset=%V" CRLF
                                           "Content-Range: bytes ",
                                           boundary,
                                           &r->headers_out.content_type,
                                           &r->headers_out.charset)
                                   - ctx->boundary_header.data;

    } else if (r->headers_out.content_type.len) {
        ctx->boundary_header.len = ngx_sprintf(ctx->boundary_header.data,
                                           CRLF "--%0muA" CRLF
                                           "Content-Type: %V" CRLF
                                           "Content-Range: bytes ",
                                           boundary,
                                           &r->headers_out.content_type)
                                   - ctx->boundary_header.data;

    } else {
        ctx->boundary_header.len = ngx_sprintf(ctx->boundary_header.data,
                                           CRLF "--%0muA" CRLF
                                           "Content-Range: bytes ",
                                           boundary)
                                   - ctx->boundary_header.data;
    }

    r->headers_out.content_type.data =
        ngx_pnalloc(r->pool,
                    sizeof("Content-Type: multipart/byteranges; boundary=") - 1
                    + NGX_ATOMIC_T_LEN);

    if (r->headers_out.content_type.data == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    r->headers_out.content_type_lowcase = NULL;

    /* "Content-Type: multipart/byteranges; boundary=0123456789" */

    r->headers_out.content_type.len =
                           ngx_sprintf(r->headers_out.content_type.data,
                                       "multipart/byteranges; boundary=%0muA",
                                       boundary)
                           - r->headers_out.content_type.data;

    r->headers_out.content_type_len = r->headers_out.content_type.len;

    r->headers_out.charset.len = 0;

    /* the size of the last boundary CRLF "--0123456789--" CRLF */

    len = sizeof(CRLF "--") - 1 + NGX_ATOMIC_T_LEN + sizeof("--" CRLF) - 1;

    range = ctx->ranges.elts;
    for (i = 0; i < ctx->ranges.nelts; i++) {

        /* the size of the range: "SSSS-EEEE/TTTT" CRLF CRLF */

        range[i].content_range.data =
                               ngx_pnalloc(r->pool, 3 * NGX_OFF_T_LEN + 2 + 4);

        if (range[i].content_range.data == NULL) {
            return NGX_ERROR;
        }

        range[i].content_range.len = ngx_sprintf(range[i].content_range.data,
                                               "%O-%O/%O" CRLF CRLF,
                                               range[i].start, range[i].end - 1,
                                               r->headers_out.content_length_n)
                                     - range[i].content_range.data;

        len += ctx->boundary_header.len + range[i].content_range.len
                                    + (size_t) (range[i].end - range[i].start);
    }

    r->headers_out.content_length_n = len;

    if (r->headers_out.content_length) {
        r->headers_out.content_length->hash = 0;
        r->headers_out.content_length = NULL;
    }

    return ngx_http_next_header_filter(r);
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_http_range_not_satisfiable(ngx_http_request_t *r)
{
    ngx_table_elt_t  *content_range;

    r->headers_out.status = NGX_HTTP_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE;

    content_range = ngx_list_push(&r->headers_out.headers);
    if (content_range == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    r->headers_out.content_range = content_range;

    content_range->hash = 1;
    ngx_str_set(&content_range->key, "Content-Range");

    content_range->value.data = ngx_pnalloc(r->pool,
                                       sizeof("bytes */") - 1 + NGX_OFF_T_LEN);
    if (content_range->value.data == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    content_range->value.len = ngx_sprintf(content_range->value.data,
                                           "bytes */%O",
                                           r->headers_out.content_length_n)
                               - content_range->value.data;

    ngx_http_clear_content_length(r);

    return NGX_HTTP_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE;
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_http_range_body_filter(ngx_http_request_t *r, ngx_chain_t *in)
{
    ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t  *ctx;

    if (in == NULL) {
        return ngx_http_next_body_filter(r, in);
    }

    ctx = ngx_http_get_module_ctx(r, ngx_http_range_body_filter_module);

    if (ctx == NULL) {
        return ngx_http_next_body_filter(r, in);
    }

    if (ctx->ranges.nelts == 1) {
        return ngx_http_range_singlepart_body(r, ctx, in);
    }

    /*
     * multipart ranges are supported only if whole body is in a single buffer
     */

    if (ngx_buf_special(in->buf)) {
        return ngx_http_next_body_filter(r, in);
    }

    if (ngx_http_range_test_overlapped(r, ctx, in) != NGX_OK) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    return ngx_http_range_multipart_body(r, ctx, in);
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_http_range_test_overlapped(ngx_http_request_t *r,
    ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t *ctx, ngx_chain_t *in)
{
    off_t              start, last;
    ngx_buf_t         *buf;
    ngx_uint_t         i;
    ngx_http_range_t  *range;

    if (ctx->offset) {
        goto overlapped;
    }

    buf = in->buf;

    if (!buf->last_buf) {
        start = ctx->offset;
        last = ctx->offset + ngx_buf_size(buf);

        range = ctx->ranges.elts;
        for (i = 0; i < ctx->ranges.nelts; i++) {
            if (start > range[i].start || last < range[i].end) {
                 goto overlapped;
            }
        }
    }

    ctx->offset = ngx_buf_size(buf);

    return NGX_OK;

overlapped:

    ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, r->connection->log, 0,
                  "range in overlapped buffers");

    return NGX_ERROR;
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_http_range_singlepart_body(ngx_http_request_t *r,
    ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t *ctx, ngx_chain_t *in)
{
    off_t              start, last;
    ngx_buf_t         *buf;
    ngx_chain_t       *out, *cl, **ll;
    ngx_http_range_t  *range;

    out = NULL;
    ll = &out;
    range = ctx->ranges.elts;

    for (cl = in; cl; cl = cl->next) {

        buf = cl->buf;

        start = ctx->offset;
        last = ctx->offset + ngx_buf_size(buf);

        ctx->offset = last;

        ngx_log_debug2(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_HTTP, r->connection->log, 0,
                       "http range body buf: %O-%O", start, last);

        if (ngx_buf_special(buf)) {
            *ll = cl;
            ll = &cl->next;
            continue;
        }

        if (range->end <= start || range->start >= last) {

            ngx_log_debug0(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_HTTP, r->connection->log, 0,
                           "http range body skip");

            if (buf->in_file) {
                buf->file_pos = buf->file_last;
            }

            buf->pos = buf->last;
            buf->sync = 1;

            continue;
        }

        if (range->start > start) {

            if (buf->in_file) {
                buf->file_pos += range->start - start;
            }

            if (ngx_buf_in_memory(buf)) {
                buf->pos += (size_t) (range->start - start);
            }
        }

        if (range->end <= last) {

            if (buf->in_file) {
                buf->file_last -= last - range->end;
            }

            if (ngx_buf_in_memory(buf)) {
                buf->last -= (size_t) (last - range->end);
            }

            buf->last_buf = 1;
            *ll = cl;
            cl->next = NULL;

            break;
        }

        *ll = cl;
        ll = &cl->next;
    }

    if (out == NULL) {
        return NGX_OK;
    }

    return ngx_http_next_body_filter(r, out);
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_http_range_multipart_body(ngx_http_request_t *r,
    ngx_http_range_filter_ctx_t *ctx, ngx_chain_t *in)
{
    ngx_buf_t         *b, *buf;
    ngx_uint_t         i;
    ngx_chain_t       *out, *hcl, *rcl, *dcl, **ll;
    ngx_http_range_t  *range;

    ll = &out;
    buf = in->buf;
    range = ctx->ranges.elts;

    for (i = 0; i < ctx->ranges.nelts; i++) {

        /*
         * The boundary header of the range:
         * CRLF
         * "--0123456789" CRLF
         * "Content-Type: image/jpeg" CRLF
         * "Content-Range: bytes "
         */

        b = ngx_calloc_buf(r->pool);
        if (b == NULL) {
            return NGX_ERROR;
        }

        b->memory = 1;
        b->pos = ctx->boundary_header.data;
        b->last = ctx->boundary_header.data + ctx->boundary_header.len;

        hcl = ngx_alloc_chain_link(r->pool);
        if (hcl == NULL) {
            return NGX_ERROR;
        }

        hcl->buf = b;


        /* "SSSS-EEEE/TTTT" CRLF CRLF */

        b = ngx_calloc_buf(r->pool);
        if (b == NULL) {
            return NGX_ERROR;
        }

        b->temporary = 1;
        b->pos = range[i].content_range.data;
        b->last = range[i].content_range.data + range[i].content_range.len;

        rcl = ngx_alloc_chain_link(r->pool);
        if (rcl == NULL) {
            return NGX_ERROR;
        }

        rcl->buf = b;


        /* the range data */

        b = ngx_calloc_buf(r->pool);
        if (b == NULL) {
            return NGX_ERROR;
        }

        b->in_file = buf->in_file;
        b->temporary = buf->temporary;
        b->memory = buf->memory;
        b->mmap = buf->mmap;
        b->file = buf->file;

        if (buf->in_file) {
            b->file_pos = buf->file_pos + range[i].start;
            b->file_last = buf->file_pos + range[i].end;
        }

        if (ngx_buf_in_memory(buf)) {
            b->pos = buf->pos + (size_t) range[i].start;
            b->last = buf->pos + (size_t) range[i].end;
        }

        dcl = ngx_alloc_chain_link(r->pool);
        if (dcl == NULL) {
            return NGX_ERROR;
        }

        dcl->buf = b;

        *ll = hcl;
        hcl->next = rcl;
        rcl->next = dcl;
        ll = &dcl->next;
    }

    /* the last boundary CRLF "--0123456789--" CRLF  */

    b = ngx_calloc_buf(r->pool);
    if (b == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    b->temporary = 1;
    b->last_buf = 1;

    b->pos = ngx_pnalloc(r->pool, sizeof(CRLF "--") - 1 + NGX_ATOMIC_T_LEN
                                  + sizeof("--" CRLF) - 1);
    if (b->pos == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    b->last = ngx_cpymem(b->pos, ctx->boundary_header.data,
                         sizeof(CRLF "--") - 1 + NGX_ATOMIC_T_LEN);
    *b->last++ = '-'; *b->last++ = '-';
    *b->last++ = CR; *b->last++ = LF;

    hcl = ngx_alloc_chain_link(r->pool);
    if (hcl == NULL) {
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    hcl->buf = b;
    hcl->next = NULL;

    *ll = hcl;

    return ngx_http_next_body_filter(r, out);
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_http_range_header_filter_init(ngx_conf_t *cf)
{
    ngx_http_next_header_filter = ngx_http_top_header_filter;
    ngx_http_top_header_filter = ngx_http_range_header_filter;

    return NGX_OK;
}


static ngx_int_t
ngx_http_range_body_filter_init(ngx_conf_t *cf)
{
    ngx_http_next_body_filter = ngx_http_top_body_filter;
    ngx_http_top_body_filter = ngx_http_range_body_filter;

    return NGX_OK;
}