Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_mp4_module.xml @ 87:f5539fb36bbb
Russian translation of ngx_http_mp4_module.
author | Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com> |
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date | Fri, 14 Oct 2011 08:45:37 +0000 |
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children | c76a257f3fd4 |
rev | line source |
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87
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Russian translation of ngx_http_mp4_module.
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?> |
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Russian translation of ngx_http_mp4_module.
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2 |
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Russian translation of ngx_http_mp4_module.
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3 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd"> |
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4 |
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5 <module name="Модуль ngx_http_mp4_module" |
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6 link="/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_mp4_module.html" |
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7 lang="ru"> |
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8 |
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Russian translation of ngx_http_mp4_module.
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9 <section name="Обзор"> |
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10 |
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Russian translation of ngx_http_mp4_module.
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11 <para> |
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Russian translation of ngx_http_mp4_module.
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12 Модуль <code>ngx_http_mp4_module</code> обеспечивает серверную поддержку |
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13 псевдо-стриминга для файлов в формате H.264/AAC. Такие файлы обычно |
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14 имеют расширения |
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15 <pathname>.mp4</pathname>, <pathname>.m4v</pathname> |
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16 и <pathname>.m4a</pathname>. |
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17 </para> |
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18 |
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19 <para> |
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20 Псевдо-стриминг работает в паре с совместимым Flash-плеером. |
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21 Плеер посылает серверу HTTP-запрос с указанием точки времени старта |
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22 в аргументе |
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23 <parameter>start</parameter> |
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24 строки запроса (время задаётся в секундах), а сервер в |
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25 ответ посылает поток, у которого начальная позиция соответствует |
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26 запрошенному времени, например: |
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27 <example> |
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28 http://example.com/elephants_dream.mp4?start=238.88 |
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29 </example> |
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30 Это позволяет в любой момент времени выполнить произвольное |
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31 позиционирование, а также начать воспроизведение с середины |
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32 временной шкалы. |
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33 </para> |
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34 |
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35 <para> |
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36 В форматах, основанных на H.264, метаданные, необходимые для поддержки |
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37 позиционирования, хранятся в так называемом “moov атоме.” |
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38 Это часть файла, которая содержит индексную информацию для всего файла. |
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39 </para> |
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40 |
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41 <para> |
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42 До начала воспроизведения плееру необходимо прочитать метаданные. |
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43 Для этого он отсылает специальный запрос с аргументом |
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44 <parameter>start=0</parameter>. |
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45 Многие кодирующие программы добавляют метаданные в конец файла. |
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46 Для псевдо-стриминга это плохо: метаданные должны быть расположены |
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47 в начале файла, иначе потребуется загрузить файл целиком, прежде |
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48 чем начать воспроизведение. Если файл отформатирован хорошо, |
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49 с метаданными в начале файла, nginx просто посылает в ответ |
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50 содержимое файла. В противном случае, он вынужден будет прочитать |
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51 файл и подготовить новый поток, в котором метаданные предшествуют |
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52 медийным данным. Это требует дополнительного процессорного |
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53 времени, памяти и дискового ввода/вывода, поэтому лучше |
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54 <link |
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55 url="http://flowplayer.org/plugins/streaming/pseudostreaming.html#prepare"> |
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56 подготовить исходный файл для псевдо-стриминга</link>, |
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57 нежели чем заставлять nginx делать это для каждого запроса. |
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58 </para> |
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59 |
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60 <para> |
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61 Для запроса с ненулевым аргументом |
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62 <parameter>start</parameter> |
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63 nginx считывает из файла метаданные, готовит поток с запрошенного |
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64 смещения, и отправляет его клиенту. |
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65 Это тоже требует дополнительных ресурсов, как указано выше. |
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66 </para> |
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67 |
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68 <para> |
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69 Если запрос, обрабатываемый этим модулем, не содержит аргумента |
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70 <parameter>start</parameter>, |
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71 дополнительные ресурсы не тратятся, а файл отсылается просто как |
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72 статический ресурс. |
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73 Некоторые плееры также поддерживают запросы с указанием диапазона |
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74 запрашиваемых байт (byte-range requests), для них вообще не |
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75 требуется этот модуль. |
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76 </para> |
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77 |
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78 <para> |
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79 По умолчанию этот модуль не собирается, его сборку необходимо |
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80 разрешить с помощью конфигурационного параметра |
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81 <code>--with-http_mp4_module</code>. |
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82 <note> |
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83 Если вы ранее использовали сторонний модуль mp4, не забудьте его отключить. |
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84 </note> |
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85 </para> |
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86 |
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87 <para> |
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88 Схожая поддержка псевдо-стриминга для FLV-файлов обеспечивается модулем |
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89 <link doc="ngx_http_flv_module.xml">ngx_http_flv_module</link>. |
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90 </para> |
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91 |
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92 </section> |
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93 |
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94 |
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95 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации"> |
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96 |
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97 <para> |
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98 <example> |
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99 location /video/ { |
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100 mp4; |
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101 mp4_buffer_size 1m; |
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102 mp4_max_buffer_size 5m; |
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103 } |
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104 </example> |
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105 </para> |
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106 |
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107 </section> |
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108 |
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109 |
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110 <section id="directives" name="Директивы"> |
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111 |
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112 <directive name="mp4"> |
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113 <syntax>mp4</syntax> |
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114 <default/> |
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115 <context>location</context> |
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116 |
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117 <para> |
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118 Включает в содержащем location обработку этим модулем. |
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119 </para> |
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120 |
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121 </directive> |
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122 |
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123 |
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124 <directive name="mp4_buffer_size"> |
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125 <syntax>mp4_buffer_size <argument>размер</argument></syntax> |
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126 <default>mp4_buffer_size 512K</default> |
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127 <context>http</context> |
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128 <context>server</context> |
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129 <context>location</context> |
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130 |
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131 <para> |
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132 Задаёт начальный размер буфера памяти, используемого при обработке MP4 файлов. |
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133 </para> |
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134 |
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135 </directive> |
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136 |
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137 |
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138 <directive name="mp4_max_buffer_size"> |
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139 <syntax>mp4_max_buffer_size <argument>размер</argument></syntax> |
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140 <default>mp4_max_buffer_size 10M</default> |
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141 <context>http</context> |
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142 <context>server</context> |
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143 <context>location</context> |
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144 |
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145 <para> |
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146 В процессе обработки метаданных может понадобиться буфер большего размера. |
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147 Его размер не может превышать указанного, |
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148 иначе nginx возвращает серверную ошибку |
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149 <http-status code="500" text="Internal Server Error"/> |
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150 и протоколирует следующее: |
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151 <example> |
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152 "/some/movie/file.mp4" mp4 moov atom is too large: |
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153 12583268, you may want to increase mp4_max_buffer_size |
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154 </example> |
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155 </para> |
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156 |
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157 </directive> |
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158 |
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159 </section> |
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160 |
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161 </module> |