Better recheck of dead upstream servers. Previously nginx used to mark backend again as live as soon as fail_timeout passes (10s by default) since last failure. On the other hand, detecting dead backend takes up to 60s (proxy_connect_timeout) in typical situation "backend is down and doesn't respond to any packets". This resulted in suboptimal behaviour in the above situation (up to 23% of requests were directed to dead backend with default settings). More detailed description of the problem may be found here (in Russian): http://mailman.nginx.org/pipermail/nginx-ru/2011-August/042172.html Fix is to only allow one request after fail_timeout passes, and mark backend as "live" only if this request succeeds. Note that with new code backend will not be marked "live" unless "check" request is completed, and this may take a while in some specific workloads (e.g. streaming). This is believed to be acceptable.

scgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
scgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
scgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
scgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;

scgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
scgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
scgi_param  SCGI               1;
scgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;

scgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
scgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
scgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
scgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;