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annotate xml/en/docs/http/ngx_http_limit_req_module.xml @ 2013:469aebbd94d0

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Limit_req/limit_conn may return not only 503 on failure.
author Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
date Tue, 08 Aug 2017 09:23:25 +0300
parents 6c96a644b0b3
children 6e66487c5756
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!--
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4 Copyright (C) Igor Sysoev
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5 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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6 -->
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7
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8 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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9
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10 <module name="Module ngx_http_limit_req_module"
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11 link="/en/docs/http/ngx_http_limit_req_module.html"
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12 lang="en"
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13 rev="7">
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14
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15 <section id="summary">
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16
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17 <para>
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18 The <literal>ngx_http_limit_req_module</literal> module (0.7.21) is used
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19 to limit the request processing rate per a defined key,
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20 in particular, the processing rate of requests coming
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21 from a single IP address.
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22 The limitation is done using the “leaky bucket” method.
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23 </para>
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24
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25 </section>
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26
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27
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28 <section id="example" name="Example Configuration">
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29
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30 <para>
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31 <example>
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32 http {
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33 limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;
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34
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35 ...
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36
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37 server {
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38
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39 ...
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40
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41 location /search/ {
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42 limit_req zone=one burst=5;
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43 }
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44 </example>
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45 </para>
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46
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47 </section>
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48
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49
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50 <section id="directives" name="Directives">
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51
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52 <directive name="limit_req">
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53 <syntax>
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54 <literal>zone</literal>=<value>name</value>
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55 [<literal>burst</literal>=<value>number</value>]
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56 [<literal>nodelay</literal>]</syntax>
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57 <default/>
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58 <context>http</context>
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59 <context>server</context>
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60 <context>location</context>
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61
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62 <para>
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63 Sets the shared memory zone
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64 and the maximum burst size of requests.
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65 If the requests rate exceeds the rate configured for a zone,
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66 their processing is delayed such that requests are processed
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67 at a defined rate.
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68 Excessive requests are delayed until their number exceeds the
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69 maximum burst size
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70 in which case the request is terminated with an
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71 <link id="limit_req_status">error</link>.
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72 By default, the maximum burst size is equal to zero.
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73 For example, the directives
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74 <example>
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75 limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;
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76
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77 server {
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78 location /search/ {
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79 limit_req zone=one burst=5;
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80 }
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81 </example>
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82 allow not more than 1 request per second at an average,
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83 with bursts not exceeding 5 requests.
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84 </para>
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85
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86 <para>
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87 If delaying of excessive requests while requests are being limited is not
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88 desired, the parameter <literal>nodelay</literal> should be used:
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89 <example>
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90 limit_req zone=one burst=5 nodelay;
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91 </example>
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92 </para>
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93
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94 <para>
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95 There could be several <literal>limit_req</literal> directives.
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96 For example, the following configuration will limit the processing rate
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97 of requests coming from a single IP address and, at the same time,
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98 the request processing rate by the virtual server:
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99 <example>
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100 limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:10m rate=1r/s;
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101 limit_req_zone $server_name zone=perserver:10m rate=10r/s;
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102
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103 server {
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104 ...
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105 limit_req zone=perip burst=5 nodelay;
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106 limit_req zone=perserver burst=10;
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107 }
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108 </example>
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109
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110 </para>
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111
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112 <para>
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113 These directives are inherited from the previous level if and
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114 only if there are no
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115 <literal>limit_req</literal>
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116 directives on the current level.
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117 </para>
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118
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119 </directive>
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120
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121
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122 <directive name="limit_req_log_level">
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123 <syntax>
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124 <literal>info</literal> |
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125 <literal>notice</literal> |
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126 <literal>warn</literal> |
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127 <literal>error</literal></syntax>
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128 <default>error</default>
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129 <context>http</context>
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130 <context>server</context>
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131 <context>location</context>
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132 <appeared-in>0.8.18</appeared-in>
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133
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134 <para>
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135 Sets the desired logging level
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136 for cases when the server refuses to process requests
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137 due to rate exceeding,
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138 or delays request processing.
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139 Logging level for delays is one point less than for refusals; for example,
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140 if “<literal>limit_req_log_level notice</literal>” is specified,
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141 delays are logged with the <literal>info</literal> level.
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142 </para>
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143
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144 </directive>
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145
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146
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147 <directive name="limit_req_status">
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148 <syntax><value>code</value></syntax>
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149 <default>503</default>
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150 <context>http</context>
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151 <context>server</context>
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152 <context>location</context>
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153 <appeared-in>1.3.15</appeared-in>
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154
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155 <para>
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156 Sets the status code to return in response to rejected requests.
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157 </para>
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158
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159 </directive>
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160
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161
179
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162 <directive name="limit_req_zone">
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163 <syntax>
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164 <value>key</value>
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165 <literal>zone</literal>=<value>name</value>:<value>size</value>
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166 <literal>rate</literal>=<value>rate</value></syntax>
179
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167 <default/>
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168 <context>http</context>
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169
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170 <para>
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171 Sets parameters for a shared memory zone
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172 that will keep states for various keys.
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173 In particular, the state stores the current number of excessive requests.
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174 The <value>key</value> can contain text, variables, and their combination.
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175 Requests with an empty key value are not accounted.
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176 <note>
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177 Prior to version 1.7.6, a <value>key</value> could contain exactly one variable.
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178 </note>
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179 Usage example:
179
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180 <example>
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181 limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;
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182 </example>
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183 </para>
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184
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185 <para>
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186 Here, the states are kept in a 10 megabyte zone “one”, and an
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187 average request processing rate for this zone cannot exceed
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188 1 request per second.
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189 </para>
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190
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191 <para>
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192 A client IP address serves as a key.
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193 Note that instead of <var>$remote_addr</var>, the
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194 <var>$binary_remote_addr</var> variable is used here.
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195 The <var>$binary_remote_addr</var> variable’s size
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196 is always 4 bytes for IPv4 addresses or 16 bytes for IPv6 addresses.
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197 The stored state always occupies
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198 64 bytes on 32-bit platforms and 128 bytes on 64-bit platforms.
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199 One megabyte zone can keep about 16 thousand 64-byte states
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200 or about 8 thousand 128-byte states.
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201 If the zone storage is exhausted, the server will return the
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202 <link id="limit_req_status">error</link>
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203 to all further requests.
179
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204 </para>
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205
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206 <para>
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207 The rate is specified in requests per second (r/s).
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208 If a rate of less than one request per second is desired,
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209 it is specified in request per minute (r/m).
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210 For example, half-request per second is 30r/m.
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211 </para>
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212
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213 </directive>
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214
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215 </section>
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216
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217 </module>