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annotate xml/ru/docs/stream/ngx_stream_core_module.xml @ 1662:48615cf80e20

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Documented the UDP proxy functionality.
author Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
date Tue, 15 Mar 2016 16:31:42 +0300
parents 8ea1813272bb
children 93063516f6ff
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rev   line source
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!--
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4 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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5 -->
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6
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7 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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8
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9 <module name="Модуль ngx_stream_core_module"
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10 link="/ru/docs/stream/ngx_stream_core_module.html"
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11 lang="ru"
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12 rev="11">
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13
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14 <section id="summary">
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15
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16 <para>
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17 Модуль <literal>ngx_stream_core_module</literal>
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18 доступен начиная с версии 1.9.0.
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19 По умолчанию этот модуль не собирается, его сборку необходимо
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20 разрешить с помощью конфигурационного параметра
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21 <literal>--with-stream</literal>.
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22 </para>
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23
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24 </section>
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25
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26
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27 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации">
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28
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29 <para>
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30 <example>
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31 worker_processes auto;
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32
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33 error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log info;
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34
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35 events {
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36 worker_connections 1024;
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37 }
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38
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39 stream {
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40 upstream backend {
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41 hash $remote_addr consistent;
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42
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43 server backend1.example.com:12345 weight=5;
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44 server 127.0.0.1:12345 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
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45 server unix:/tmp/backend3;
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46 }
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47
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48 upstream dns {
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49 server 192.168.0.1:53535;
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50 server dns.example.com:53;
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51 }
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52
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53 server {
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54 listen 12345;
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55 proxy_connect_timeout 1s;
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56 proxy_timeout 3s;
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57 proxy_pass backend;
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58 }
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59
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60 server {
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61 listen 127.0.0.1:53 udp;
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62 proxy_responses 1;
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63 proxy_timeout 20s;
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64 proxy_pass dns;
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65 }
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66
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67 server {
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68 listen [::1]:12345;
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69 proxy_pass unix:/tmp/stream.socket;
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70 }
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71 }
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72 </example>
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73 </para>
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74
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75 </section>
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76
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77
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78 <section id="directives" name="Директивы">
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79
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80 <directive name="listen">
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81 <syntax>
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82 <value>адрес</value>:<value>порт</value>
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83 [<literal>ssl</literal>]
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84 [<literal>udp</literal>]
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85 [<literal>backlog</literal>=<value>число</value>]
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86 [<literal>bind</literal>]
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87 [<literal>ipv6only</literal>=<literal>on</literal>|<literal>off</literal>]
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88 [<literal>reuseport</literal>]
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89 [<literal>so_keepalive</literal>=<literal>on</literal>|<literal>off</literal>|[<value>keepidle</value>]:[<value>keepintvl</value>]:[<value>keepcnt</value>]]</syntax>
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90 <default/>
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91 <context>server</context>
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92
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93 <para>
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94 Задаёт <value>адрес</value> и <value>порт</value> для сокета,
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95 на котором сервер будет принимать соединения.
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96 Можно указать только порт.
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97 Кроме того, адрес может быть именем хоста, например:
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98 <example>
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99 listen 127.0.0.1:12345;
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100 listen *:12345;
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101 listen 12345; # то же, что и *:12345
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102 listen localhost:12345;
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103 </example>
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104 IPv6-адреса задаются в квадратных скобках:
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105 <example>
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106 listen [::1]:12345;
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107 listen [::]:12345;
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108 </example>
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109 UNIX-сокеты задаются префиксом “<literal>unix:</literal>”
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110 <example>
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111 listen unix:/var/run/nginx.sock;
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112 </example>
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113
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114 </para>
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115
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116 <para>
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117 Параметр <literal>ssl</literal> указывает на то, что все соединения,
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118 принимаемые на данном порту, должны работать в режиме SSL.
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119 </para>
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120
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121 <para>
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122 Параметр <literal>udp</literal> конфигурирует слушающий сокет
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123 для работы с датаграммами (1.9.13).
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124 </para>
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125
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126 <para>
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127 В директиве <literal>listen</literal> можно также указать несколько
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128 дополнительных параметров, специфичных для связанных с сокетами
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129 системных вызовов.
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130 <list type="tag">
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131
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132 <tag-name>
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133 <literal>backlog</literal>=<value>число</value>
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134 </tag-name>
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135 <tag-desc>
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136 задаёт параметр <literal>backlog</literal> в вызове
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137 <c-func>listen</c-func>, который ограничивает
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138 максимальный размер очереди ожидающих приёма соединений (1.9.2).
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139 По умолчанию <literal>backlog</literal> устанавливается равным -1 для
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140 FreeBSD, DragonFly BSD и Mac OS X,
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141 и 511 для других платформ.
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142 </tag-desc>
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143
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144 <tag-name>
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145 <literal>bind</literal>
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146 </tag-name>
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147 <tag-desc>
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148 параметр указывает, что для данной пары
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149 <value>адрес</value>:<value>порт</value> нужно делать
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150 <c-func>bind</c-func> отдельно.
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151 Это нужно потому, что если описаны несколько директив <literal>listen</literal>
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152 с одинаковым портом, но разными адресами, и одна из директив
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153 <literal>listen</literal> слушает на всех адресах для данного порта
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154 (<literal>*:</literal><value>порт</value>), то nginx сделает
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155 <c-func>bind</c-func> только на <literal>*:</literal><value>порт</value>.
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156 Необходимо заметить, что в этом случае для определения адреса, на которой
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157 пришло соединение, делается системный вызов <c-func>getsockname</c-func>.
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158 Если же используются параметры <literal>ipv6only</literal>
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159 или <literal>so_keepalive</literal>,
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160 то для данной пары
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161 <value>адрес</value>:<value>порт</value> всегда делается
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162 отдельный вызов <c-func>bind</c-func>.
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163 </tag-desc>
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164
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165 <tag-name>
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166 <literal>ipv6only</literal>=<literal>on</literal>|<literal>off</literal>
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167 </tag-name>
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168 <tag-desc>
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169 этот параметр определяет
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170 (через параметр сокета <c-def>IPV6_V6ONLY</c-def>),
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171 будет ли слушающий на wildcard-адресе <literal>[::]</literal> IPv6-сокет
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172 принимать только IPv6-соединения, или же одновременно IPv6- и IPv4-соединения.
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173 По умолчанию параметр включён.
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174 Установить его можно только один раз на старте.
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175 </tag-desc>
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176
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177 <tag-name id="reuseport">
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178 <literal>reuseport</literal>
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179 </tag-name>
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180 <tag-desc>
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181 этот параметр (1.9.1) указывает, что нужно создавать отдельный слушающий сокет
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182 для каждого рабочего процесса
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183 (через параметр сокета <c-def>SO_REUSEPORT</c-def>), позволяя ядру
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184 распределять входящие соединения между рабочими процессами.
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185 В настоящий момент это работает только на Linux 3.9+ и DragonFly BSD.
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186 <note>
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187 Ненадлежащее использование параметра может иметь
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188 <link url="http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/socket.7.html">последствия</link>
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189 в плане безопасности.
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190 </note>
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191 </tag-desc>
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192
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193 <tag-name>
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194 <literal>so_keepalive</literal>=<literal>on</literal>|<literal>off</literal>|[<value>keepidle</value>]:[<value>keepintvl</value>]:[<value>keepcnt</value>]
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195 </tag-name>
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196 <tag-desc>
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197 этот параметр конфигурирует для слушающего сокета
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198 поведение “TCP keepalive”.
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199 Если этот параметр опущен, то для сокета будут действовать
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200 настройки операционной системы.
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201 Если он установлен в значение “<literal>on</literal>”, то для сокета
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202 включается параметр <c-def>SO_KEEPALIVE</c-def>.
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203 Если он установлен в значение “<literal>off</literal>”, то для сокета
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204 параметр <c-def>SO_KEEPALIVE</c-def> выключается.
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205 Некоторые операционные системы поддерживают настройку параметров
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206 “TCP keepalive” на уровне сокета посредством параметров
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207 <c-def>TCP_KEEPIDLE</c-def>, <c-def>TCP_KEEPINTVL</c-def> и
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208 <c-def>TCP_KEEPCNT</c-def>.
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209 На таких системах (в настоящий момент это Linux 2.4+, NetBSD 5+ и
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210 FreeBSD 9.0-STABLE)
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211 их можно сконфигурировать с помощью параметров <value>keepidle</value>,
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212 <value>keepintvl</value> и <value>keepcnt</value>.
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213 Один или два параметра могут быть опущены, в таком случае для
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214 соответствующего параметра сокета будут действовать стандартные
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215 системные настройки.
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216 Например,
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217 <example>so_keepalive=30m::10</example>
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218 установит таймаут бездействия (<c-def>TCP_KEEPIDLE</c-def>) в 30 минут,
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219 для интервала проб (<c-def>TCP_KEEPINTVL</c-def>) будет действовать
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220 стандартная системная настройка, а счётчик проб (<c-def>TCP_KEEPCNT</c-def>)
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221 будет равен 10.
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222 </tag-desc>
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223
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224 </list>
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225 </para>
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226
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227 <para>
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228 Разные серверы должны слушать на разных парах
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229 <value>адрес</value>:<value>порт</value>.
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230 </para>
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231
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232 </directive>
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233
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234
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235 <directive name="resolver">
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236 <syntax>
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237 <value>адрес</value> ...
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238 [<literal>valid</literal>=<value>время</value>]
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239 [<literal>ipv6</literal>=<literal>on</literal>|<literal>off</literal>]</syntax>
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240 <default/>
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241 <context>stream</context>
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242 <context>server</context>
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243
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244 <para>
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245 Задаёт серверы DNS, используемые для преобразования имён вышестоящих серверов
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246 в адреса, например:
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247 <example>
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248 resolver 127.0.0.1 [::1]:5353;
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249 </example>
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250 Адрес может быть указан в виде доменного имени или IP-адреса,
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251 и необязательного порта.
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252 Если порт не указан, используется порт 53.
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253 Серверы DNS опрашиваются циклически.
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254 </para>
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255
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256 <para>
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257 По умолчанию nginx будет искать как IPv4-, так и IPv6-адреса
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258 при преобразовании имён в адреса.
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259 Если поиск IPv6-адресов нежелателен,
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260 можно указать параметр <literal>ipv6=off</literal>.
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261 </para>
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262
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263 <para>
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264 По умолчанию nginx кэширует ответы, используя значение TTL из ответа.
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265 Необязательный параметр <literal>valid</literal> позволяет это
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266 переопределить:
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267 <example>
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268 resolver 127.0.0.1 [::1]:5353 valid=30s;
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269 </example>
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270 <note>
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271 Эта директива доступна как часть
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272 <commercial_version>коммерческой подписки</commercial_version>.
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273 </note>
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274 </para>
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275
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276 </directive>
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277
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278
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279 <directive name="resolver_timeout">
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280 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax>
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281 <default>30s</default>
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282 <context>stream</context>
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283 <context>server</context>
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284
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285 <para>
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286 Задаёт таймаут для преобразования имени в адрес, например:
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287 <example>
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288 resolver_timeout 5s;
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289 </example>
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290 <note>
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291 Эта директива доступна как часть
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292 <commercial_version>коммерческой подписки</commercial_version>.
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293 </note>
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294 </para>
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295
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296 </directive>
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297
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298
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299 <directive name="server">
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300 <syntax block="yes"/>
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301 <default/>
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302 <context>stream</context>
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303
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304 <para>
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305 Задаёт конфигурацию для сервера.
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306 </para>
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307
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308 </directive>
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309
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310
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311 <directive name="stream">
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312 <syntax block="yes"/>
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313 <default/>
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314 <context>main</context>
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315
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316 <para>
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317 Предоставляет контекст конфигурационного файла, в котором указываются
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318 директивы stream-сервера.
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319 </para>
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320
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321 </directive>
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322
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323
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324 <directive name="tcp_nodelay">
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325 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax>
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326 <default>on</default>
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327 <context>stream</context>
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328 <context>server</context>
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329 <appeared-in>1.9.4</appeared-in>
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330
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331 <para>
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332 Разрешает или запрещает использование параметра <c-def>TCP_NODELAY</c-def>.
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333 Параметр включается как для клиентского соединения,
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334 так и для соединения с проксируемым сервером.
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335 </para>
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336
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337 </directive>
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338
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339 </section>
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340
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341 </module>