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annotate xml/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_log_module.xml @ 430:570b312367bd

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Documented the context of request logging.
author Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
date Tue, 28 Feb 2012 07:53:40 +0000
parents bb51d3e17dd0
children 1b2264bdd433
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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4
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5 <module name="Модуль ngx_http_log_module"
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6 link="/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_log_module.html"
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7 lang="ru">
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8
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9 <section id="summary">
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10
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11 <para>
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12 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_log_module</literal> записывает логи запросов
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13 в указанном формате.
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14 </para>
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15
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16 <para>
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17 Логи записываются в контексте location’а, где заканчивается обработка.
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18 Это может быть location, отличный от первоначального, если в процессе
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19 обработки запроса происходит
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20 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="internal">внутреннее
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21 перенаправление</link>.
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22 </para>
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23
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24 </section>
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25
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26
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27 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации">
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28
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29 <para>
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30 <example>
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31 log_format gzip '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
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32 '"$request" $status $bytes_sent '
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33 '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "$gzip_ratio"';
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34
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35 access_log /spool/logs/nginx-access.log gzip buffer=32k;
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36 </example>
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37 </para>
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38
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39 </section>
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40
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41
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42 <section id="directives" name="Директивы">
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43
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44 <directive name="access_log">
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45 <syntax>
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46 <value>путь</value>
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47 [<value>формат</value>
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48 [<literal>buffer</literal>=<value>размер</value>]]</syntax>
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49 <syntax><literal>off</literal></syntax>
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50 <default>log/access.log combined</default>
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51 <context>http</context>
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52 <context>server</context>
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53 <context>location</context>
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54 <context>if в location</context>
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55 <context>limit_except</context>
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56
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57 <para>
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58 Задаёт путь, формат и размер буфера для буферизованной записи в лог.
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59 На одном уровне может использоваться несколько логов.
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60 Специальное значение <literal>off</literal> отменяет все директивы
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61 <literal>access_log</literal> для текущего уровня.
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62 Если формат не указан, то используется предопределённый формат
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63 “<literal>combined</literal>”.
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64 </para>
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65
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66 <para>
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67 Размер буфера должен быть не больше размера атомарной записи в дисковый файл.
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68 Для FreeBSD 3.0-6.0 этот размер неограничен.
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69 </para>
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70
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71 <para>
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72 В пути файла можно использовать переменные (0.7.6+),
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73 но такие логи имеют некоторые ограничения:
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74 <list type="bullet">
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75
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76 <listitem>
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77 <link doc="../ngx_core_module.xml" id="user">пользователь</link>,
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78 с правами которого работают рабочие процессы, должен
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79 иметь права на создание файлов в каталоге с такими логами;
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80 </listitem>
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81
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82 <listitem>
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83 не работает буферизация;
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84 </listitem>
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85
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86 <listitem>
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87 файл открывается для каждой записи в лог и сразу же после записи закрывается.
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88 Следует однако иметь в виду, что поскольку дескрипторы часто используемых файлов
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89 могут храниться в <link id="open_log_file_cache">кэше</link>,
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90 то при вращении логов в течение времени, заданного параметром
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91 <literal>valid</literal> директивы <link id="open_log_file_cache"/>,
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92 запись может продолжаться в старый файл.
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93 </listitem>
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94
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95 <listitem>
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96 при каждой записи в лог проверяется существование
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97 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="root">корневого каталога</link>
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98 для запроса — если этот каталог не существует, то лог не создаётся.
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56457a474903 If text of the link is not provided, the @id is used.
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99 Поэтому <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="root"/>
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100 и <literal>access_log</literal> нужно описывать на одном уровне:
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101 <example>
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102 server {
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103 root /spool/vhost/data/$host;
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104 access_log /spool/vhost/logs/$host;
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105 ...
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106 </example>
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107 </listitem>
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108
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109 </list>
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110 </para>
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111
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112 </directive>
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113
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114
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115 <directive name="log_format">
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116 <syntax>
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117 <value>название</value>
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118 <value>строка</value> ...</syntax>
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119 <default>combined "..."</default>
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120 <context>http</context>
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121
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122 <para>
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123 Задаёт формат лога.
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124 </para>
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125
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126 <para>
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127 Кроме общих переменных в формате можно использовать переменные,
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128 существующие только на момент записи в лог:
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129 <list type="tag">
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130
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131 <tag-name><var>$body_bytes_sent</var></tag-name>
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132 <tag-desc>
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133 число байт, переданных клиенту, за вычетом заголовка ответа;
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134 переменная совместима с параметром “<literal>%B</literal>” модуля Apache
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135 <literal>mod_log_config</literal>
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136 </tag-desc>
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137
224
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138 <tag-name><var>$bytes_sent</var></tag-name>
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139 <tag-desc>
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140 число байт, переданных клиенту
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141 </tag-desc>
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142
224
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143 <tag-name><var>$connection</var></tag-name>
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144 <tag-desc>
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145 порядковый номер соединения
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146 </tag-desc>
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147
224
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148 <tag-name><var>$msec</var></tag-name>
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149 <tag-desc>
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150 время в секундах с точностью до миллисекунд на момент записи в лог
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151 </tag-desc>
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152
224
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153 <tag-name><var>$pipe</var></tag-name>
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154 <tag-desc>
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155 “<literal>p</literal>” если запрос был pipelined, иначе “<literal>.</literal>”
224
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156 </tag-desc>
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157
224
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158 <tag-name><var>$request_length</var></tag-name>
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159 <tag-desc>
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160 длина запроса (включая строку запроса, заголовок и тело запроса)
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161 </tag-desc>
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162
224
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163 <tag-name><var>$request_time</var></tag-name>
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164 <tag-desc>
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165 время обработки запроса в секундах с точностью до миллисекунд;
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166 время, прошедшее с момента чтения первых байт от клиента до
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167 момента отправки последних байт клиенту и записи в лог
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168 </tag-desc>
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169
224
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170 <tag-name><var>$status</var></tag-name>
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171 <tag-desc>
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172 статус ответа
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173 </tag-desc>
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174
224
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175 <tag-name><var>$time_iso8601</var></tag-name>
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176 <tag-desc>
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177 локальное время в формате по стандарту ISO 8601
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178 </tag-desc>
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179
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180 <tag-name><var>$time_local</var></tag-name>
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181 <tag-desc>
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182 локальное время в Common Log Format
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183 </tag-desc>
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184
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185 </list>
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186 </para>
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187
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188 <para>
224
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189 Строки заголовка, переданные клиенту, начинаются с префикса
271
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190 “<literal>sent_http_</literal>”, например,
224
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191 <var>$sent_http_content_range</var>.
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192 </para>
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193
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194 <para>
224
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195 В конфигурации всегда существует предопределённый формат
271
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196 “<literal>combined</literal>”:
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197 <example>
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198 log_format combined '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
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199 '"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent '
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200 '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
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201 </example>
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202 </para>
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203
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204 </directive>
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205
364
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206
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207 <directive name="open_log_file_cache">
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208
224
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209 <syntax>
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210 <literal>max</literal>=<value>N</value>
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211 [<literal>inactive</literal>=<value>время</value>]
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212 [<literal>min_uses</literal>=<value>N</value>]
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213 [<literal>valid</literal>=<value>время</value>]</syntax>
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214 <syntax><literal>off</literal></syntax>
102
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215 <default>off</default>
224
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216 <context>http</context>
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217 <context>server</context>
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218 <context>location</context>
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219
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220 <para>
224
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221 Задаёт кэш, в котором хранятся дескрипторы файлов часто используемых
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222 логов, имена которых заданы с использованием переменных.
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223 Параметры директивы:
224
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224 <list type="tag">
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225
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226 <tag-name><literal>max</literal></tag-name>
224
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227 <tag-desc>
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228 задаёт максимальное число дескрипторов в кэше;
274
457c54242cfa Stole translation of LRU from ngx_http_proxy_module.
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229 при переполнении кэша самые невостребованные (LRU)
224
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230 дескрипторы закрываются
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231 </tag-desc>
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232
271
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233 <tag-name><literal>inactive</literal></tag-name>
224
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234 <tag-desc>
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235 задаёт время, после которого закэшированный дескриптор закрывается,
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236 если к нему не было обращений в течение этого времени;
224
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237 по умолчанию 10 секунд
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238 </tag-desc>
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239
271
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240 <tag-name><literal>min_uses</literal></tag-name>
224
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241 <tag-desc>
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242 задаёт минимальное число использований файла в течение
271
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243 времени, заданного параметром <literal>inactive</literal>,
224
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244 после которого дескриптор файла будет оставаться открытым в кэше;
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245 по умолчанию 1
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246 </tag-desc>
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247
271
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248 <tag-name><literal>valid</literal></tag-name>
224
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249 <tag-desc>
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250 задаёт, через какое время нужно проверять, что файл ещё
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251 существует под тем же именем;
224
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252 по умолчанию 60 секунд
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253 </tag-desc>
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254
271
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255 <tag-name><literal>off</literal></tag-name>
224
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256 <tag-desc>
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257 запрещает кэш
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258 </tag-desc>
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259
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260 </list>
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261 </para>
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262
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263 <para>
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264 Пример использования:
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265 <example>
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266 open_log_file_cache max=1000 inactive=20s valid=1m min_uses=2;
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267 </example>
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268 </para>
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269
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270 </directive>
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271
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272 </section>
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273
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274 </module>