annotate xml/en/docs/stream/ngx_stream_upstream_module.xml @ 2197:03f8a9c5e8ae

Updated link in the "random" directive.
author Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
date Mon, 02 Jul 2018 18:53:12 +0300
parents 5ad35130cc7f
children 0974dc0a6209
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!--
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4 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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5 -->
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6
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7 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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8
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9 <module name="Module ngx_stream_upstream_module"
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10 link="/en/docs/stream/ngx_stream_upstream_module.html"
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11 lang="en"
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12 rev="30">
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13
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14 <section id="summary">
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15
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16 <para>
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17 The <literal>ngx_stream_upstream_module</literal> module (1.9.0)
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18 is used to define groups of servers that can be referenced
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19 by the <link doc="ngx_stream_proxy_module.xml" id="proxy_pass"/>
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20 directive.
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21 </para>
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22
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23 </section>
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24
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25
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26 <section id="example" name="Example Configuration">
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27
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28 <para>
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29 <example>
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30 upstream <emphasis>backend</emphasis> {
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31 hash $remote_addr consistent;
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32
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33 server backend1.example.com:12345 weight=5;
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34 server backend2.example.com:12345;
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35 server unix:/tmp/backend3;
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36
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37 server backup1.example.com:12345 backup;
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38 server backup2.example.com:12345 backup;
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39 }
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40
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41 server {
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42 listen 12346;
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43 proxy_pass <emphasis>backend</emphasis>;
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44 }
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45 </example>
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46 </para>
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47
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48 <para>
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49 Dynamically configurable group with
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50 periodic <link doc="ngx_stream_upstream_hc_module.xml">health checks</link> is
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51 available as part of our
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52 <commercial_version>commercial subscription</commercial_version>:
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53 <example>
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54 resolver 10.0.0.1;
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55
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56 upstream <emphasis>dynamic</emphasis> {
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57 zone upstream_dynamic 64k;
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58
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59 server backend1.example.com:12345 weight=5;
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60 server backend2.example.com:12345 fail_timeout=5s slow_start=30s;
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61 server 192.0.2.1:12345 max_fails=3;
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62 server backend3.example.com:12345 resolve;
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63 server backend4.example.com service=http resolve;
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64
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65 server backup1.example.com:12345 backup;
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66 server backup2.example.com:12345 backup;
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67 }
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68
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69 server {
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70 listen 12346;
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71 proxy_pass <emphasis>dynamic</emphasis>;
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72 health_check;
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73 }
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74 </example>
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75 </para>
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76
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77 </section>
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78
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79
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80 <section id="directives" name="Directives">
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81
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82 <directive name="upstream">
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83 <syntax block="yes"><value>name</value></syntax>
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84 <default/>
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85 <context>stream</context>
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86
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87 <para>
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88 Defines a group of servers.
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89 Servers can listen on different ports.
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90 In addition, servers listening on TCP and UNIX-domain sockets
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91 can be mixed.
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92 </para>
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93
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94 <para>
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95 Example:
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96 <example>
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97 upstream backend {
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98 server backend1.example.com:12345 weight=5;
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99 server 127.0.0.1:12345 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
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100 server unix:/tmp/backend2;
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101 server backend3.example.com:12345 resolve;
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102
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103 server backup1.example.com:12345 backup;
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104 }
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105 </example>
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106 </para>
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107
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108 <para>
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109 By default, connections are distributed between the servers using a
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110 weighted round-robin balancing method.
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111 In the above example, each 7 connections will be distributed as follows:
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112 5 connections go to <literal>backend1.example.com:12345</literal>
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113 and one connection to each of the second and third servers.
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114 If an error occurs during communication with a server, the connection will
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115 be passed to the next server, and so on until all of the functioning
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116 servers will be tried.
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117 If communication with all servers fails, the connection will be closed.
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118 </para>
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119
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120 </directive>
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121
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122
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123 <directive name="server">
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124 <syntax><value>address</value> [<value>parameters</value>]</syntax>
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125 <default/>
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126 <context>upstream</context>
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127
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128 <para>
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129 Defines the <value>address</value> and other <value>parameters</value>
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130 of a server.
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131 The address can be specified as a domain name or IP address
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132 with an obligatory port, or as a UNIX-domain socket path
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133 specified after the “<literal>unix:</literal>” prefix.
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134 A domain name that resolves to several IP addresses defines
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135 multiple servers at once.
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136 </para>
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137
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138 <para>
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139 The following parameters can be defined:
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140 <list type="tag">
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141
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142 <tag-name id="weight">
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143 <literal>weight</literal>=<value>number</value>
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144 </tag-name>
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145 <tag-desc>
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146 sets the weight of the server, by default, 1.
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147 </tag-desc>
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148
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149 <tag-name id="max_conns">
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150 <literal>max_conns</literal>=<value>number</value>
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151 </tag-name>
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152 <tag-desc>
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153 limits the maximum <value>number</value> of simultaneous
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154 connections to the proxied server (1.11.5).
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155 Default value is zero, meaning there is no limit.
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156 If the server group does not reside in the <link id="zone">shared memory</link>,
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157 the limitation works per each worker process.
1800
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158 <note>
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159 Prior to version 1.11.5, this parameter was available as part of our
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160 <commercial_version>commercial subscription</commercial_version>.
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161 </note>
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162 </tag-desc>
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163
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164 <tag-name id="max_fails">
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165 <literal>max_fails</literal>=<value>number</value>
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166 </tag-name>
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167 <tag-desc>
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168 sets the number of unsuccessful attempts to communicate with the server
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169 that should happen in the duration set by the <literal>fail_timeout</literal>
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170 parameter to consider the server unavailable for a duration also set by the
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171 <literal>fail_timeout</literal> parameter.
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172 By default, the number of unsuccessful attempts is set to 1.
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173 The zero value disables the accounting of attempts.
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174 Here, an unsuccessful attempt is an error or timeout
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175 while establishing a connection with the server.
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176 </tag-desc>
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177
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178 <tag-name id="fail_timeout">
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179 <literal>fail_timeout</literal>=<value>time</value>
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180 </tag-name>
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181 <tag-desc>
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182 sets
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183 <list type="bullet">
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184
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185 <listitem>
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186 the time during which the specified number of unsuccessful attempts to
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187 communicate with the server should happen to consider the server unavailable;
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188 </listitem>
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189
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190 <listitem>
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191 and the period of time the server will be considered unavailable.
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192 </listitem>
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193
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194 </list>
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195 By default, the parameter is set to 10 seconds.
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196 </tag-desc>
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197
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198 <tag-name id="backup">
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199 <literal>backup</literal>
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200 </tag-name>
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201 <tag-desc>
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202 marks the server as a backup server.
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203 Connections to the backup server will be passed
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204 when the primary servers are unavailable.
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205 </tag-desc>
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206
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207 <tag-name id="down">
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208 <literal>down</literal>
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209 </tag-name>
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210 <tag-desc>
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211 marks the server as permanently unavailable.
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212 </tag-desc>
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213
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214 </list>
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215 </para>
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216
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217 <para>
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218 Additionally,
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219 the following parameters are available as part of our
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220 <commercial_version>commercial subscription</commercial_version>:
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221 <list type="tag">
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222
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223 <tag-name id="resolve">
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224 <literal>resolve</literal>
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225 </tag-name>
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226 <tag-desc>
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227 monitors changes of the IP addresses
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228 that correspond to a domain name of the server,
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229 and automatically modifies the upstream configuration
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230 without the need of restarting nginx.
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231 The server group must reside in the <link id="zone">shared memory</link>.
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232 <para>
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233 In order for this parameter to work,
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234 the <link doc="ngx_stream_core_module.xml" id="resolver"/> directive
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235 must be specified in the
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236 <link doc="ngx_stream_core_module.xml" id="stream"/> block.
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237 Example:
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238 <example>
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239 stream {
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240 resolver 10.0.0.1;
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241
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242 upstream u {
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243 zone ...;
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244 ...
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245 server example.com:12345 resolve;
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246 }
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247 }
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248 </example>
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249 </para>
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250 </tag-desc>
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251
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252 <tag-name id="service">
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253 <literal>service</literal>=<value>name</value>
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254 </tag-name>
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255 <tag-desc>
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256 enables resolving of DNS
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257 <link url="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2782">SRV</link>
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258 records and sets the service <value>name</value> (1.9.13).
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259 In order for this parameter to work, it is necessary to specify
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260 the <link id="resolve"/> parameter for the server
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261 and specify a hostname without a port number.
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262 <para>
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263 If the service name does not contain a dot (“<literal>.</literal>”), then
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264 the <link url="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2782">RFC</link>-compliant name
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265 is constructed
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266 and the TCP protocol is added to the service prefix.
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267 For example, to look up the
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268 <literal>_http._tcp.backend.example.com</literal> SRV record,
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269 it is necessary to specify the directive:
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270 <example>
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271 server backend.example.com service=http resolve;
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272 </example>
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273 If the service name contains one or more dots, then the name is constructed
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274 by joining the service prefix and the server name.
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275 For example, to look up the <literal>_http._tcp.backend.example.com</literal>
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276 and <literal>server1.backend.example.com</literal> SRV records,
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277 it is necessary to specify the directives:
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278 <example>
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279 server backend.example.com service=_http._tcp resolve;
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280 server example.com service=server1.backend resolve;
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281 </example>
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282 </para>
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283
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284 <para>
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285 Highest-priority SRV records
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286 (records with the same lowest-number priority value)
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287 are resolved as primary servers,
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288 the rest of SRV records are resolved as backup servers.
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289 If the <link id="backup"/> parameter is specified for the server,
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290 high-priority SRV records are resolved as backup servers,
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291 the rest of SRV records are ignored.
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292 </para>
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293 </tag-desc>
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294
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295 <tag-name id="slow_start">
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296 <literal>slow_start</literal>=<value>time</value>
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297 </tag-name>
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298 <tag-desc>
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299 sets the <value>time</value> during which the server will recover its weight
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300 from zero to a nominal value, when unhealthy server becomes
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301 <link doc="ngx_stream_upstream_hc_module.xml" id="health_check">healthy</link>,
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302 or when the server becomes available after a period of time
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303 it was considered <link id="fail_timeout">unavailable</link>.
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304 Default value is zero, i.e. slow start is disabled.
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305 <note>
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306 The parameter cannot be used along with the
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307 <link id="hash"/> load balancing method.
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308 </note>
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309 </tag-desc>
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310
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311 </list>
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312 </para>
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313
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314 <para>
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315 <note>
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316 If there is only a single server in a group, <literal>max_fails</literal>,
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317 <literal>fail_timeout</literal> and <literal>slow_start</literal> parameters
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318 are ignored, and such a server will never be considered unavailable.
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319 </note>
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320 </para>
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321
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322 </directive>
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323
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324
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325 <directive name="zone">
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326 <syntax><value>name</value> [<value>size</value>]</syntax>
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327 <default/>
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328 <context>upstream</context>
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329
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330 <para>
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331 Defines the <value>name</value> and <value>size</value> of the shared
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332 memory zone that keeps the group’s configuration and run-time state that are
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333 shared between worker processes.
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334 Several groups may share the same zone.
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335 In this case, it is enough to specify the zone size only once.
1462
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336 </para>
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337
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338 <para>
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339 Additionally,
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340 as part of our <commercial_version>commercial subscription</commercial_version>,
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341 such groups allow changing the group membership
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342 or modifying the settings of a particular server
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343 without the need of restarting nginx.
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344 The configuration is accessible via the
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345 <link doc="../http/ngx_http_api_module.xml">API</link> module (1.13.3).
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346 <note>
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347 Prior to version 1.13.3,
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348 the configuration was accessible only via a special location
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349 handled by
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350 <link doc="../http/ngx_http_upstream_conf_module.xml" id="upstream_conf"/>.
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351 </note>
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352 </para>
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353
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354 </directive>
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355
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356
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357 <directive name="state">
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358 <syntax><value>file</value></syntax>
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359 <default/>
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360 <context>upstream</context>
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361 <appeared-in>1.9.7</appeared-in>
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362
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363 <para>
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364 Specifies a <value>file</value> that keeps the state
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365 of the dynamically configurable group.
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366 </para>
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367
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368 <para>
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369 Examples:
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370 <example>
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371 state /var/lib/nginx/state/servers.conf; # path for Linux
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372 state /var/db/nginx/state/servers.conf; # path for FreeBSD
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373 </example>
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374 </para>
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375
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376 <para>
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377 The state is currently limited to the list of servers with their parameters.
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378 The file is read when parsing the configuration and is updated each time
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379 the upstream configuration is
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380 <link doc="ngx_http_upstream_conf_module.xml" id="upstream_conf">changed</link>.
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381 Changing the file content directly should be avoided.
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382 The directive cannot be used
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383 along with the <link id="server"/> directive.
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384 </para>
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385
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386 <para>
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387 <note>
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388 Changes made during
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389 <link doc="../control.xml" id="reconfiguration">configuration reload</link>
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390 or <link doc="../control.xml" id="upgrade">binary upgrade</link>
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391 can be lost.
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392 </note>
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393 </para>
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394
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395 <para>
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396 <note>
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397 This directive is available as part of our
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398 <commercial_version>commercial subscription</commercial_version>.
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399 </note>
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400 </para>
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401
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402 </directive>
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403
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404
1367
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405 <directive name="hash">
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406 <syntax><value>key</value> [<literal>consistent</literal>]</syntax>
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407 <default/>
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408 <context>upstream</context>
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409
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410 <para>
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411 Specifies a load balancing method for a server group
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412 where client-server mapping is based on the hashed <value>key</value> value.
1744
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413 The <value>key</value> can contain text, variables,
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414 and their combinations (1.11.2).
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415 Usage example:
ab56dcd73af2 Added variables to stream hash, limit_conn_zone, proxy_bind.
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diff changeset
416 <example>
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diff changeset
417 hash $remote_addr;
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418 </example>
1367
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419 Note that adding or removing a server from the group
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420 may result in remapping most of the keys to different servers.
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diff changeset
421 The method is compatible with the
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diff changeset
422 <link url="http://search.cpan.org/perldoc?Cache%3A%3AMemcached">Cache::Memcached</link>
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diff changeset
423 Perl library.
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424 </para>
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425
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426 <para>
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427 If the <literal>consistent</literal> parameter is specified,
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parents:
diff changeset
428 the <link url="http://www.last.fm/user/RJ/journal/2007/04/10/392555/">ketama</link>
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
429 consistent hashing method will be used instead.
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
430 The method ensures that only a few keys
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
431 will be remapped to different servers
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
432 when a server is added to or removed from the group.
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
433 This helps to achieve a higher cache hit ratio for caching servers.
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
434 The method is compatible with the
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
435 <link url="http://search.cpan.org/perldoc?Cache%3A%3AMemcached%3A%3AFast">Cache::Memcached::Fast</link>
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
436 Perl library with the <value>ketama_points</value> parameter set to 160.
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
437 </para>
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
438
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
439 </directive>
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
440
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
441
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
442 <directive name="least_conn">
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
443 <syntax/>
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
444 <default/>
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
445 <context>upstream</context>
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
446
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
447 <para>
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
448 Specifies that a server group should use a load balancing method
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
449 where a connection
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
450 is passed to the server with the least number of active connections,
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
451 taking into account weights of servers.
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
452 If there are several such servers, they are tried in turn using a
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
453 weighted round-robin balancing method.
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
454 </para>
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
455
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
456 </directive>
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
457
1450
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
458
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
459 <directive name="least_time">
1925
a58b35cc0823 Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1891
diff changeset
460 <syntax>
a58b35cc0823 Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1891
diff changeset
461 <literal>connect</literal> |
a58b35cc0823 Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1891
diff changeset
462 <literal>first_byte</literal> |
a58b35cc0823 Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1891
diff changeset
463 <literal>last_byte</literal>
a58b35cc0823 Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1891
diff changeset
464 [<literal>inflight</literal>]</syntax>
1450
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
465 <default/>
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
466 <context>upstream</context>
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
467
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
468 <para>
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
469 Specifies that a group should use a load balancing method where a connection
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
470 is passed to the server with the least average time and
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
471 least number of active connections, taking into account weights of servers.
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
472 If there are several such servers, they are tried in turn using a
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
473 weighted round-robin balancing method.
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
474 </para>
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
475
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
476 <para>
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
477 If the <literal>connect</literal> parameter is specified,
2196
5ad35130cc7f Added links to variables in least_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 2191
diff changeset
478 time to
5ad35130cc7f Added links to variables in least_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 2191
diff changeset
479 <link id="var_upstream_connect_time">connect</link>
5ad35130cc7f Added links to variables in least_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 2191
diff changeset
480 to the upstream server is used.
1450
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
481 If the <literal>first_byte</literal> parameter is specified,
2196
5ad35130cc7f Added links to variables in least_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 2191
diff changeset
482 time to receive the
5ad35130cc7f Added links to variables in least_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 2191
diff changeset
483 <link id="var_upstream_first_byte_time">first byte</link> of data is used.
1450
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
484 If the <literal>last_byte</literal> is specified,
2196
5ad35130cc7f Added links to variables in least_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 2191
diff changeset
485 time to receive the
5ad35130cc7f Added links to variables in least_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 2191
diff changeset
486 <link id="var_upstream_session_time">last byte</link> of data is used.
1925
a58b35cc0823 Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1891
diff changeset
487 If the <literal>inflight</literal> parameter is specified (1.11.6),
a58b35cc0823 Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1891
diff changeset
488 incomplete connections are also taken into account.
a58b35cc0823 Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1891
diff changeset
489 <note>
a58b35cc0823 Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1891
diff changeset
490 Prior to version 1.11.6,
a58b35cc0823 Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1891
diff changeset
491 incomplete connections were taken into account by default.
a58b35cc0823 Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1891
diff changeset
492 </note>
1450
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
493 </para>
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
494
1462
e69e4dbcc760 Documented OSS stream modules.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 1450
diff changeset
495 <para>
e69e4dbcc760 Documented OSS stream modules.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 1450
diff changeset
496 <note>
e69e4dbcc760 Documented OSS stream modules.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 1450
diff changeset
497 This directive is available as part of our
e69e4dbcc760 Documented OSS stream modules.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 1450
diff changeset
498 <commercial_version>commercial subscription</commercial_version>.
e69e4dbcc760 Documented OSS stream modules.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 1450
diff changeset
499 </note>
e69e4dbcc760 Documented OSS stream modules.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 1450
diff changeset
500 </para>
e69e4dbcc760 Documented OSS stream modules.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 1450
diff changeset
501
1450
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
502 </directive>
f5b5eefc43cb Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1410
diff changeset
503
2191
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
504
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
505 <directive name="random">
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
506 <syntax>[<literal>two</literal> [<value>method</value>]]</syntax>
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
507 <default/>
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
508 <context>upstream</context>
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
509 <appeared-in>1.15.1</appeared-in>
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
510
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
511 <para>
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
512 Specifies that a group should use a load balancing method where a connection
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
513 is passed to a randomly selected server, taking into account weights
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
514 of servers.
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
515 </para>
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
516
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
517 <para>
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
518 The optional <literal>two</literal> parameter
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
519 instructs nginx to randomly select
2197
03f8a9c5e8ae Updated link in the "random" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 2196
diff changeset
520 <link url="https://homes.cs.washington.edu/~karlin/papers/balls.pdf">two</link>
2191
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
521 servers and then choose a server
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
522 using the specified <literal>method</literal>.
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
523 The default method is <literal>least_conn</literal>
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
524 which passes a connection to a server
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
525 with the least number of active connections.
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
526 </para>
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
527
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
528 </directive>
2c56f91c304a Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 2097
diff changeset
529
1367
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
530 </section>
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
531
1772
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
532
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
533 <section id="variables" name="Embedded Variables">
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
534
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
535 <para>
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
536 The <literal>ngx_stream_upstream_module</literal> module
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
537 supports the following embedded variables:
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
538 <list type="tag">
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
539
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
540 <tag-name id="var_upstream_addr"><var>$upstream_addr</var></tag-name>
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
541 <tag-desc>
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
542 keeps the IP address and port,
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
543 or the path to the UNIX-domain socket of the upstream server (1.11.4).
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
544 If several servers were contacted during proxying,
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
545 their addresses are separated by commas, e.g.
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
546 “<literal>192.168.1.1:12345, 192.168.1.2:12345, unix:/tmp/sock</literal>”.
2058
eb58ee50561d Documented upstream name in $upstream_addr.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1947
diff changeset
547 If a server cannot be selected,
eb58ee50561d Documented upstream name in $upstream_addr.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1947
diff changeset
548 the variable keeps the name of the server group.
1772
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
549 </tag-desc>
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
550
1773
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
551 <tag-name id="var_upstream_bytes_sent"><var>$upstream_bytes_sent</var></tag-name>
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
552 <tag-desc>
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
553 number of bytes sent to an upstream server (1.11.4).
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
554 Values from several connections
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
555 are separated by commas like addresses in the
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
556 <link id="var_upstream_addr">$upstream_addr</link> variable.
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
557 </tag-desc>
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
558
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
559 <tag-name id="var_upstream_bytes_received"><var>$upstream_bytes_received</var></tag-name>
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
560 <tag-desc>
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
561 number of bytes received from an upstream server (1.11.4).
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
562 Values from several connections
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
563 are separated by commas like addresses in the
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
564 <link id="var_upstream_addr">$upstream_addr</link> variable.
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
565 </tag-desc>
9c48a717e001 Documented $upstream_bytes_sent, $upstream_bytes_received in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1772
diff changeset
566
1774
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
567 <tag-name id="var_upstream_connect_time"><var>$upstream_connect_time</var></tag-name>
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
568 <tag-desc>
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
569 time to connect to the upstream server (1.11.4);
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
570 the time is kept in seconds with millisecond resolution.
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
571 Times of several connections
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
572 are separated by commas like addresses in the
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
573 <link id="var_upstream_addr">$upstream_addr</link> variable.
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
574 </tag-desc>
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
575
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
576 <tag-name id="var_upstream_first_byte_time"><var>$upstream_first_byte_time</var></tag-name>
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
577 <tag-desc>
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
578 time to receive the first byte of data (1.11.4);
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
579 the time is kept in seconds with millisecond resolution.
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
580 Times of several connections
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
581 are separated by commas like addresses in the
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
582 <link id="var_upstream_addr">$upstream_addr</link> variable.
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
583 </tag-desc>
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
584
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
585 <tag-name id="var_upstream_session_time"><var>$upstream_session_time</var></tag-name>
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
586 <tag-desc>
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
587 session duration in seconds with millisecond resolution (1.11.4).
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
588 Times of several connections
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
589 are separated by commas like addresses in the
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
590 <link id="var_upstream_addr">$upstream_addr</link> variable.
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
591 </tag-desc>
e1e0c5b27515 Documented $upstream_connect_time, $upstream_first_byte_time, $upstream_session_time.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1773
diff changeset
592
1772
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
593 </list>
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
594 </para>
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
595
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
596 </section>
536dc1885e24 Documented the $upstream_addr variable in stream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1744
diff changeset
597
1367
f1e14d87d833 Updated commercial docs for the upcoming release.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff changeset
598 </module>