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annotate xml/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_log_module.xml @ 795:41363f013cc9

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Documented the recently added "gzip" and "flush" parameters of the "access_log" directive.
author Valentin Bartenev <vbart@nginx.com>
date Tue, 25 Dec 2012 15:23:24 +0000
parents 32b8498cfb40
children ddd22f571529
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!--
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4 Copyright (C) Igor Sysoev
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5 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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6 -->
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7
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8 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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9
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10 <module name="Модуль ngx_http_log_module"
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11 link="/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_log_module.html"
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12 lang="ru"
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13 rev="7">
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14
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15 <section id="summary">
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16
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17 <para>
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18 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_log_module</literal> записывает логи запросов
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19 в указанном формате.
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20 </para>
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21
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22 <para>
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23 Логи записываются в контексте location’а, где заканчивается обработка.
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24 Это может быть location, отличный от первоначального, если в процессе
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25 обработки запроса происходит
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26 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="internal">внутреннее
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27 перенаправление</link>.
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28 </para>
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29
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30 </section>
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31
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32
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33 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации">
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34
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35 <para>
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36 <example>
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37 log_format compression '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
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38 '"$request" $status $bytes_sent '
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39 '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "$gzip_ratio"';
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40
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41 access_log /spool/logs/nginx-access.log compression buffer=32k;
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42 </example>
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43 </para>
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44
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45 </section>
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46
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47
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48 <section id="directives" name="Директивы">
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49
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50 <directive name="access_log">
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51 <syntax>
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52 <value>путь</value>
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53 [<value>формат</value>
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54 [<literal>buffer</literal>=<value>размер</value>
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55 [<literal>flush</literal>=<value>время</value>]]]</syntax>
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56 <syntax>
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57 <value>путь</value>
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58 <value>формат</value>
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59 <literal>gzip[=<value>степень</value>]</literal>
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60 [<literal>buffer</literal>=<value>размер</value>]
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61 [<literal>flush</literal>=<value>время</value>]</syntax>
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62 <syntax><literal>off</literal></syntax>
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63 <default>logs/access.log combined</default>
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64 <context>http</context>
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65 <context>server</context>
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66 <context>location</context>
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67 <context>if в location</context>
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68 <context>limit_except</context>
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69
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70 <para>
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71 Задаёт путь, формат и настройки буферизованной записи в лог.
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72 На одном уровне может использоваться несколько логов.
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73 Специальное значение <literal>off</literal> отменяет все директивы
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74 <literal>access_log</literal> для текущего уровня.
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75 Если формат не указан, то используется предопределённый формат
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76 “<literal>combined</literal>”.
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77 </para>
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78
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79 <para>
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80 Если задан размер буфера с помощью параметра <literal>buffer</literal> или
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81 указан параметр <literal>gzip</literal> (1.3.10), то запись будет
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82 буферизованной.
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83 <note>
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84 Размер буфера должен быть не больше размера атомарной записи в дисковый файл.
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85 Для FreeBSD этот размер неограничен.
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86 </note>
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87 </para>
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88
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89 <para>
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90 При включённой буферизации данные записываются в файл:
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91 <list type="bullet">
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92
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93 <listitem>
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94 если очередная строка лога не помещается в буфер;
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95 </listitem>
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96
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97 <listitem>
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98 если данные в буфере находятся дольше интервала времени, заданного
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99 параметром <literal>flush</literal> (1.3.10);
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100 </listitem>
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101
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102 <listitem>
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103 при <link doc="../control.xml">переоткрытии</link> лог-файла или
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104 завершении рабочего процесса.
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105 </listitem>
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106
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107 </list>
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108 </para>
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109
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110 <para>
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111 Если задан параметр <literal>gzip</literal>, то буфер будет сжиматься перед
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112 записью в файл.
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113 Степень сжатия может быть задана в диапазоне от 1 (быстрее, но хуже сжатие)
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114 до 9 (медленнее, но лучше сжатие).
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115 По умолчанию используется буфер размером 64К байт и степень сжатия 1.
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116 Данные сжимаются атомарными блоками, и в любой момент времени лог-файл может
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117 быть распакован или прочитан с помощью утилиты “<literal>zcat</literal>”.
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118 </para>
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119
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120 <para>
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121 Пример:
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122 <example>
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123 access_log /path/to/log.gz combined gzip flush=5m;
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124 </example>
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125 </para>
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126
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127 <para>
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128 <note>
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129 Для поддержки gzip-сжатия логов nginx должен быть собран с библиотекой zlib.
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130 </note>
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131 </para>
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132
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133 <para>
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134 В пути файла можно использовать переменные (0.7.6+),
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135 но такие логи имеют некоторые ограничения:
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136 <list type="bullet">
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137
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138 <listitem>
224
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139 <link doc="../ngx_core_module.xml" id="user">пользователь</link>,
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140 с правами которого работают рабочие процессы, должен
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141 иметь права на создание файлов в каталоге с такими логами;
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142 </listitem>
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143
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144 <listitem>
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145 не работает буферизация;
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146 </listitem>
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147
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148 <listitem>
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149 файл открывается для каждой записи в лог и сразу же после записи закрывается.
224
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150 Следует однако иметь в виду, что поскольку дескрипторы часто используемых файлов
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151 могут храниться в <link id="open_log_file_cache">кэше</link>,
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152 то при вращении логов в течение времени, заданного параметром
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153 <literal>valid</literal> директивы <link id="open_log_file_cache"/>,
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154 запись может продолжаться в старый файл.
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155 </listitem>
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156
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157 <listitem>
224
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158 при каждой записи в лог проверяется существование
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159 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="root">корневого каталога</link>
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160 для запроса — если этот каталог не существует, то лог не создаётся.
106
56457a474903 If text of the link is not provided, the @id is used.
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161 Поэтому <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="root"/>
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162 и <literal>access_log</literal> нужно описывать на одном уровне:
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163 <example>
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164 server {
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165 root /spool/vhost/data/$host;
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166 access_log /spool/vhost/logs/$host;
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167 ...
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168 </example>
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169 </listitem>
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170
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171 </list>
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172 </para>
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173
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174 </directive>
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175
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176
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177 <directive name="log_format">
224
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178 <syntax>
271
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179 <value>название</value>
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180 <value>строка</value> ...</syntax>
224
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181 <default>combined "..."</default>
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182 <context>http</context>
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183
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184 <para>
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185 Задаёт формат лога.
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186 </para>
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187
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188 <para>
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189 Кроме общих переменных в формате можно использовать переменные,
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190 существующие только на момент записи в лог:
224
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191 <list type="tag">
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192
224
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193 <tag-name><var>$bytes_sent</var></tag-name>
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194 <tag-desc>
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195 число байт, переданное клиенту
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196 <note>
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197 Начиная с версий 1.3.8 и 1.2.5 существует общая переменная с
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198 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_bytes_sent">тем же
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199 именем</link>.
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200 </note>
224
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201 </tag-desc>
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202
224
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203 <tag-name><var>$connection</var></tag-name>
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204 <tag-desc>
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205 порядковый номер соединения
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206 <note>
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207 Начиная с версий 1.3.8 и 1.2.5 существует общая переменная с
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208 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_connection">тем же
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209 именем</link>.
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210 </note>
224
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211 </tag-desc>
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212
452
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213 <tag-name><var>$connection_requests</var></tag-name>
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214 <tag-desc>
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215 текущее число запросов в соединении (1.1.18)
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216 <note>
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217 Начиная с версий 1.3.8 и 1.2.5 существует общая переменная с
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218 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_connection_requests">тем же
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219 именем</link>.
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220 </note>
452
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221 </tag-desc>
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222
224
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223 <tag-name><var>$msec</var></tag-name>
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224 <tag-desc>
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225 время в секундах с точностью до миллисекунд на момент записи в лог
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226 <note>
779
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227 Начиная с версий 1.3.9 и 1.2.6 существует общая переменная с
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228 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_msec">тем же именем</link>.
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229 </note>
224
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230 </tag-desc>
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231
224
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232 <tag-name><var>$pipe</var></tag-name>
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233 <tag-desc>
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234 “<literal>p</literal>” если запрос был pipelined, иначе “<literal>.</literal>”
224
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235 </tag-desc>
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236
224
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237 <tag-name><var>$request_length</var></tag-name>
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238 <tag-desc>
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239 длина запроса (включая строку запроса, заголовок и тело запроса)
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240 </tag-desc>
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241
224
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242 <tag-name><var>$request_time</var></tag-name>
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243 <tag-desc>
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244 время обработки запроса в секундах с точностью до миллисекунд;
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245 время, прошедшее с момента чтения первых байт от клиента до
451
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246 момента записи в лог после отправки последних байт клиенту
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247 <note>
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248 Начиная с версий 1.3.9 и 1.2.6 существует общая переменная с
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249 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_request_time">тем же именем</link>.
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250 </note>
224
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251 </tag-desc>
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252
224
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253 <tag-name><var>$status</var></tag-name>
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254 <tag-desc>
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255 статус ответа
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256 <note>
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257 Начиная с версий 1.3.2 и 1.2.2 существует общая переменная с
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258 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_status">тем же именем</link>.
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259 </note>
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260 </tag-desc>
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261
224
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262 <tag-name><var>$time_iso8601</var></tag-name>
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263 <tag-desc>
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264 локальное время в формате по стандарту ISO 8601
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265 </tag-desc>
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266
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267 <tag-name><var>$time_local</var></tag-name>
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268 <tag-desc>
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269 локальное время в Common Log Format
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270 </tag-desc>
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271
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272 </list>
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273 </para>
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274
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275 <para>
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276 Строки заголовка, переданные клиенту, начинаются с префикса
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277 “<literal>sent_http_</literal>”, например,
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278 <var>$sent_http_content_range</var>.
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279 </para>
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280
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281 <para>
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282 В конфигурации всегда существует предопределённый формат
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283 “<literal>combined</literal>”:
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284 <example>
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285 log_format combined '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
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286 '"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent '
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287 '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
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288 </example>
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289 </para>
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290
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291 </directive>
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292
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293
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294 <directive name="open_log_file_cache">
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295
224
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296 <syntax>
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297 <literal>max</literal>=<value>N</value>
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298 [<literal>inactive</literal>=<value>время</value>]
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299 [<literal>min_uses</literal>=<value>N</value>]
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300 [<literal>valid</literal>=<value>время</value>]</syntax>
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301 <syntax><literal>off</literal></syntax>
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302 <default>off</default>
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303 <context>http</context>
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304 <context>server</context>
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305 <context>location</context>
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306
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307 <para>
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308 Задаёт кэш, в котором хранятся дескрипторы файлов часто используемых
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309 логов, имена которых заданы с использованием переменных.
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310 Параметры директивы:
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311 <list type="tag">
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312
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313 <tag-name><literal>max</literal></tag-name>
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314 <tag-desc>
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315 задаёт максимальное число дескрипторов в кэше;
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316 при переполнении кэша наименее востребованные (LRU)
224
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317 дескрипторы закрываются
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318 </tag-desc>
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319
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320 <tag-name><literal>inactive</literal></tag-name>
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321 <tag-desc>
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322 задаёт время, после которого закэшированный дескриптор закрывается,
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323 если к нему не было обращений в течение этого времени;
224
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324 по умолчанию 10 секунд
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325 </tag-desc>
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326
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327 <tag-name><literal>min_uses</literal></tag-name>
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328 <tag-desc>
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329 задаёт минимальное число использований файла в течение
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330 времени, заданного параметром <literal>inactive</literal>,
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331 после которого дескриптор файла будет оставаться открытым в кэше;
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332 по умолчанию 1
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333 </tag-desc>
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334
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335 <tag-name><literal>valid</literal></tag-name>
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336 <tag-desc>
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337 задаёт, через какое время нужно проверять, что файл ещё
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338 существует под тем же именем;
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339 по умолчанию 60 секунд
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340 </tag-desc>
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341
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342 <tag-name><literal>off</literal></tag-name>
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343 <tag-desc>
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344 запрещает кэш
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345 </tag-desc>
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346
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347 </list>
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348 </para>
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349
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350 <para>
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351 Пример использования:
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352 <example>
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353 open_log_file_cache max=1000 inactive=20s valid=1m min_uses=2;
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354 </example>
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355 </para>
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356
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357 </directive>
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358
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359 </section>
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360
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361 </module>