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annotate xml/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_upstream_module.xml @ 1125:9a95b9026a16

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Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
author Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
date Fri, 21 Mar 2014 10:50:24 +0400
parents d790333947f4
children 2e28d1c4a0a2
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
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bfe3eff81d04 Removed redundant encoding specification.
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!--
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4 Copyright (C) Igor Sysoev
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5 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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6 -->
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7
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8 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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9
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10 <module name="Модуль ngx_http_upstream_module"
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11 link="/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_upstream_module.html"
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12 lang="ru"
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13 rev="5">
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14
110
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15 <section id="summary">
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16
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17 <para>
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18 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_upstream_module</literal>
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19 позволяет описывать группы серверов,
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20 которые могут использоваться в директивах
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21 <link doc="ngx_http_proxy_module.xml" id="proxy_pass"/>,
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22 <link doc="ngx_http_fastcgi_module.xml" id="fastcgi_pass"/> и
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23 <link doc="ngx_http_memcached_module.xml" id="memcached_pass"/>.
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24 </para>
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25
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26 </section>
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27
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28
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29 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации">
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30
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31 <para>
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32 <example>
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33 upstream <emphasis>backend</emphasis> {
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34 server backend1.example.com weight=5;
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35 server backend2.example.com:8080;
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36 server unix:/tmp/backend3;
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37
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38 server backup1.example.com:8080 backup;
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39 server backup2.example.com:8080 backup;
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40 }
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41
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42 server {
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43 location / {
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44 proxy_pass http://<emphasis>backend</emphasis>;
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45 }
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46 }
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47 </example>
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48 </para>
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49
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50 </section>
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51
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52
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53 <section id="directives" name="Директивы">
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54
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55 <directive name="upstream">
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56 <syntax block="yes"><value>название</value></syntax>
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57 <default/>
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58 <context>http</context>
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59
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60 <para>
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61 Описывает группу серверов.
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62 Серверы могут слушать на разных портах.
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63 Кроме того, можно одновременно использовать серверы,
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64 слушающие на TCP- и UNIX-сокетах.
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65 </para>
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66
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67 <para>
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68 Пример:
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69 <example>
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70 upstream backend {
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71 server backend1.example.com weight=5;
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72 server 127.0.0.1:8080 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
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73 server unix:/tmp/backend3;
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74 }
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75 </example>
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76 </para>
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77
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78 <para>
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79 По умолчанию запросы распределяются по серверам циклически
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80 (в режиме round-robin) с учётом весов серверов.
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81 В вышеприведённом примере каждые 7 запросов будут распределены так:
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82 5 запросов на <literal>backend1.example.com</literal>
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83 и по одному запросу на второй и третий серверы.
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84 Если при попытке работы с сервером происходит ошибка, то запрос
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85 передаётся следующему серверу, и так далее до тех пор, пока не будут опробованы
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86 все работающие серверы.
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87 Если не удастся получить успешный ответ
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88 ни от одного из серверов, то клиенту будет возвращён результат работы
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89 с последним сервером.
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90 </para>
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91
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92 </directive>
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93
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94
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95 <directive name="server">
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96 <syntax><value>адрес</value> [<value>параметры</value>]</syntax>
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97 <default/>
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98 <context>upstream</context>
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99
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100 <para>
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101 Задаёт <value>адрес</value> и другие <value>параметры</value>
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102 сервера.
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103 Адрес может быть указан в виде доменного имени или IP-адреса,
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104 и необязательного порта, или в виде пути UNIX-сокета, который
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105 указывается после префикса “<literal>unix:</literal>”.
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106 Если порт не указан, используется порт 80.
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107 Доменное имя, которому соответствует несколько IP-адресов,
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108 задаёт сразу несколько серверов.
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109 </para>
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110
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111 <para>
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112 Могут быть заданы следующие параметры:
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113 <list type="tag">
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114
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115 <tag-name><literal>weight</literal>=<value>число</value></tag-name>
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116 <tag-desc>
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117 задаёт вес сервера, по умолчанию 1.
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118 </tag-desc>
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119
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120 <tag-name><literal>max_fails</literal>=<value>число</value></tag-name>
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121 <tag-desc>
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122 задаёт число неудачных попыток работы с сервером, которые должны произойти
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123 в промежуток времени, заданный параметром <literal>fail_timeout</literal>,
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124 чтобы сервер считался неработающим на период времени, также заданный
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125 параметром <literal>fail_timeout</literal>.
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126 По умолчанию число попыток устанавливается равным 1.
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127 Нулевое значение отключает учёт попыток.
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128 Что считается неудачной попыткой, определяется директивами
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129 <link doc="ngx_http_proxy_module.xml" id="proxy_next_upstream"/>,
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130 <link doc="ngx_http_fastcgi_module.xml" id="fastcgi_next_upstream"/> и
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131 <link doc="ngx_http_memcached_module.xml" id="memcached_next_upstream"/>.
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132 </tag-desc>
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133
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134 <tag-name><literal>fail_timeout</literal>=<value>время</value></tag-name>
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135 <tag-desc>
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136 задаёт
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137 <list type="bullet">
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138
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139 <listitem>
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140 время, в течение которого должно произойти заданное число неудачных
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141 попыток работы с сервером для того, чтобы сервер считался неработающим;
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142 </listitem>
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143
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144 <listitem>
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145 и время, в течение которого сервер будет считаться неработающим.
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146 </listitem>
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147
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148 </list>
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149 По умолчанию параметр равен 10 секундам.
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150 </tag-desc>
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151
1121
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152 <tag-name id="max_conns">
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153 <literal>max_conns</literal>=<value>число</value>
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154 </tag-name>
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155 <tag-desc>
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156 ограничивает максимальное <value>число</value> одновременных соединений
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157 к проксируемому серверу (1.5.9).
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158 Значение по умолчанию равно 0 и означает, что ограничения нет.
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159 <note>
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160 Эта функциональность доступна как часть <commercial_version/>.
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161 </note>
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162 </tag-desc>
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163
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164 <tag-name><literal>backup</literal></tag-name>
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165 <tag-desc>
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166 помечает сервер как запасной сервер.
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167 На него будут передаваться запросы в случае, если не работают основные серверы.
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168 </tag-desc>
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169
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170 <tag-name><literal>down</literal></tag-name>
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171 <tag-desc>
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172 помечает сервер как постоянно неработающий; используется
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173 совместно с директивой <link id="ip_hash"/>.
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174 </tag-desc>
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175
1124
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176 <tag-name id="resolve">
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177 <literal>resolve</literal>
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178 </tag-name>
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179 <tag-desc>
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180 отслеживает изменения IP-адресов, соответствующих доменному имени сервера,
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181 и автоматически изменяет конфигурацию группы
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182 без необходимости перезапуска nginx (1.5.12)
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183 <para>
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184 Для работы этого параметра
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185 директива <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="resolver"/>
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186 должна быть задана в блоке
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187 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="http"/>.
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188 <example>
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189 http {
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190 resolver 10.0.0.1;
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191
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192 upstream u {
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193 zone ...;
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194 ...
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195 server example.com resolve;
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196 }
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197 }
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198 </example>
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199 </para>
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200 <note>
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201 Эта функциональность доступна как часть <commercial_version/>.
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202 </note>
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203 </tag-desc>
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204
533
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205 </list>
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206 </para>
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207
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208 <para>
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209 Пример:
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210 <example>
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211 upstream backend {
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212 server backend1.example.com weight=5;
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213 server 127.0.0.1:8080 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
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214 server unix:/tmp/backend3;
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215
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216 server backup1.example.com:8080 backup;
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217 }
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218 </example>
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219 </para>
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220
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221 </directive>
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222
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223
1123
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224 <directive name="zone">
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225 <syntax><value>имя</value> <value>размер</value></syntax>
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226 <default/>
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227 <context>upstream</context>
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228
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229 <para>
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230 Задаёт <value>имя</value> и <value>размер</value> зоны разделяемой памяти,
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diff changeset
231 в которой хранятся конфигурация группы и рабочее состояние,
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232 разделяемые между рабочими процессами.
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diff changeset
233 В таких группах возможно изменение состава группы или
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diff changeset
234 настроек отдельных серверов без необходимости перезапуска nginx.
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235 Конфигурация доступна через специальный location,
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diff changeset
236 для которого указана директива <link id="upstream_conf"/>.
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237 </para>
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238
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239 <para>
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240 <note>
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diff changeset
241 Эта директива доступна как часть <commercial_version/>.
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242 </note>
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243 </para>
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244
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245 </directive>
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246
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247
76
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248 <directive name="ip_hash">
102
c76a257f3fd4 The directive name is now automatically printed in <default> and <syntax>.
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diff changeset
249 <syntax/>
99
1d315ef37215 The case <default/> is now language-agnostic.
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250 <default/>
76
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251 <context>upstream</context>
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252
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253 <para>
533
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diff changeset
254 Задаёт для группы метод балансировки нагрузки, при котором запросы
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diff changeset
255 распределяются по серверам на основе IP-адресов клиентов.
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diff changeset
256 В качестве ключа для хэширования используются первые три
542
a9e6a8613534 Documented IPv6 support in ip_hash.
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parents: 533
diff changeset
257 октета IPv4-адреса клиента или IPv6-адрес клиента целиком.
292
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parents: 280
diff changeset
258 Метод гарантирует, что запросы одного и того же клиента
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
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diff changeset
259 будут всегда передаваться на один и тот же сервер.
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
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diff changeset
260 Если же этот сервер будет считаться неработающим,
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diff changeset
261 то запросы этого клиента будут передаваться на другой сервер.
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diff changeset
262 С большой долей вероятности это также будет один и тот же сервер.
542
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diff changeset
263 <note>
566
f8148fc88224 Documented 1.2.2 changes.
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parents: 542
diff changeset
264 IPv6-адреса поддерживаются начиная с версий 1.3.2 и 1.2.2.
542
a9e6a8613534 Documented IPv6 support in ip_hash.
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diff changeset
265 </note>
76
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266 </para>
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267
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268 <para>
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269 Если один из серверов нужно убрать на некоторое время, то для сохранения
292
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diff changeset
270 текущего хэширования IP-адресов клиентов этот сервер нужно пометить
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diff changeset
271 параметром <literal>down</literal>.
76
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272 </para>
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273
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274 <para>
292
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diff changeset
275 Пример:
76
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276 <example>
292
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277 upstream backend {
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278 ip_hash;
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279
292
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280 server backend1.example.com;
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281 server backend2.example.com;
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282 server backend3.example.com <emphasis>down</emphasis>;
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283 server backend4.example.com;
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284 }
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285 </example>
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286 </para>
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287
526
4f907cde0382 1.3.1 changes: ip_hash+weight, least_conn.
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288 <para>
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289 <note>
566
f8148fc88224 Documented 1.2.2 changes.
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290 До версий 1.3.1 и 1.2.2 для серверов, использующих метод балансировки нагрузки
526
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diff changeset
291 <literal>ip_hash</literal>, нельзя было задать вес.
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diff changeset
292 </note>
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293 </para>
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294
76
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295 </directive>
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296
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297
316
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298 <directive name="keepalive">
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299 <syntax><value>соединения</value></syntax>
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300 <default/>
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301 <context>upstream</context>
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302 <appeared-in>1.1.4</appeared-in>
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303
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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304 <para>
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305 Задействует кэш соединений для группы серверов.
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306 </para>
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307
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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308 <para>
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309 Параметр <value>соединения</value> устанавливает максимальное число
654
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310 неактивных постоянных соединений с серверами группы, которые будут
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311 сохраняться в кэше каждого рабочего процесса.
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312 При превышении этого числа наиболее давно не используемые соединения
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313 закрываются.
316
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314 <note>
654
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315 Следует особо отметить, что директива <literal>keepalive</literal>
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316 не ограничивает общее число соединений с серверами группы, которые
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317 рабочие процессы nginx могут открыть.
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318 Параметр <value>соединения</value> следует устанавливать достаточно
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319 консервативно, чтобы серверы группы по-прежнему могли обрабатывать
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320 новые входящие соединения.
316
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321 </note>
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322 </para>
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323
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324 <para>
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325 Пример конфигурации группы серверов memcached с постоянными соединениями:
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326 <example>
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327 upstream memcached_backend {
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328 server 127.0.0.1:11211;
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329 server 10.0.0.2:11211;
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330
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
331 keepalive 32;
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332 }
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333
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
334 server {
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335 ...
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336
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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337 location /memcached/ {
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338 set $memcached_key $uri;
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339 memcached_pass memcached_backend;
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340 }
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341
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342 }
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343 </example>
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344 </para>
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345
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346 <para>
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diff changeset
347 Для HTTP директиву
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diff changeset
348 <link doc="ngx_http_proxy_module.xml" id="proxy_http_version"/>
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diff changeset
349 следует установить в “<literal>1.1</literal>”,
367
f4033b9bc4ec - Removed unnecessary instances of unbreakable space.
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diff changeset
350 а поле заголовка <header>Connection</header> — очистить:
316
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
351 <example>
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
352 upstream http_backend {
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diff changeset
353 server 127.0.0.1:8080;
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diff changeset
354
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
355 keepalive 16;
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diff changeset
356 }
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
357
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
358 server {
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
359 ...
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
360
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
361 location /http/ {
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
362 proxy_pass http://http_backend;
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diff changeset
363 proxy_http_version 1.1;
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
364 proxy_set_header Connection "";
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
365 ...
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
366 }
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
367 }
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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368 </example>
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369 </para>
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diff changeset
370
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
371 <para>
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diff changeset
372 <note>
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
373 Хоть это и не рекомендуется, но также возможно использование постоянных
966
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diff changeset
374 соединений с HTTP/1.0, путём передачи поля заголовка
316
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
375 <header>Connection: Keep-Alive</header> серверу группы.
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diff changeset
376 </note>
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diff changeset
377 </para>
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
378
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
379 <para>
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diff changeset
380 Для работы постоянных соединений с FastCGI-серверами потребуется
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diff changeset
381 включить директиву
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diff changeset
382 <link doc="ngx_http_fastcgi_module.xml" id="fastcgi_keep_conn"/>:
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
383 <example>
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
384 upstream fastcgi_backend {
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
385 server 127.0.0.1:9000;
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diff changeset
386
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
387 keepalive 8;
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diff changeset
388 }
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diff changeset
389
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
390 server {
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
391 ...
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diff changeset
392
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
393 location /fastcgi/ {
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
394 fastcgi_pass fastcgi_backend;
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diff changeset
395 fastcgi_keep_conn on;
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
396 ...
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diff changeset
397 }
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
398 }
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
399 </example>
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
400 </para>
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diff changeset
401
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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diff changeset
402 <para>
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
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parents: 292
diff changeset
403 <note>
533
fb630c3c5039 Revamped the upstream documentation somewhat.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 526
diff changeset
404 При использовании методов балансировки нагрузки, отличных
316
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 292
diff changeset
405 от стандартного round-robin, следует активировать их до
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 292
diff changeset
406 директивы <literal>keepalive</literal>.
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 292
diff changeset
407 </note>
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 292
diff changeset
408
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 292
diff changeset
409 <note>
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 292
diff changeset
410 Протоколы SCGI и uwsgi не определяют семантику постоянных соединений.
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 292
diff changeset
411 </note>
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 292
diff changeset
412 </para>
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 292
diff changeset
413
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 292
diff changeset
414 </directive>
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 292
diff changeset
415
1fb1c077658b Documented the following directives: "keepalive", "proxy_http_version",
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 292
diff changeset
416
1125
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
417 <directive name="least_conn">
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
418 <syntax/>
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
419 <default/>
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
420 <context>upstream</context>
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
421 <appeared-in>1.3.1</appeared-in>
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
422 <appeared-in>1.2.2</appeared-in>
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
423
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
424 <para>
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
425 Задаёт для группы метод балансировки нагрузки, при котором запрос
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
426 передаётся серверу с наименьшим числом активных соединений,
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
427 с учётом весов серверов.
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
428 Если подходит сразу несколько серверов, они выбираются циклически
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
429 (в режиме round-robin) с учётом их весов.
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
430 </para>
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
431
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
432 </directive>
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
433
9a95b9026a16 Upstream: reallocated the "queue" directive.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1124
diff changeset
434
1122
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
435 <directive name="queue">
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
436 <syntax>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
437 <value>число</value>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
438 [<literal>timeout</literal>=<value>время</value>]</syntax>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
439 <default/>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
440 <context>upstream</context>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
441 <appeared-in>1.5.12</appeared-in>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
442
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
443 <para>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
444 Если при обработке запроса невозможно сразу выбрать сервер группы
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
445 и в группе есть серверы, у которых число соединений достигло
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
446 ограничения <link id="max_conns"/>,
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
447 запрос будет помещён в очередь.
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
448 Директива задаёт максимальное число запросов, которые могут одновременно
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
449 находиться в очереди.
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
450 Если очередь переполнена
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
451 или за время, задаваемое параметром <literal>timeout</literal>,
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
452 так и не удастся выбрать сервер для передачи ему запроса,
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
453 клиенту будет возвращена ошибка.
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
454 </para>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
455
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
456 <para>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
457 По умолчанию параметр <literal>timeout</literal> равен 60 секундам.
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
458 </para>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
459
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
460 <para>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
461 <note>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
462 Эта директива доступна как часть <commercial_version/>.
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
463 </note>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
464 </para>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
465
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
466 </directive>
594093ef96b1 Upstream: documented the "queue" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1121
diff changeset
467
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
468 </section>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
469
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
470
292
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
471 <section id="variables" name="Встроенные переменные">
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
472
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
473 <para>
292
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
474 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_upstream_module</literal>
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
475 поддерживает следующие встроенные переменные:
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
476 <list type="tag">
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
477
292
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
478 <tag-name><var>$upstream_addr</var></tag-name>
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
479 <tag-desc>
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
480 хранит IP-адрес и порт сервера или путь к UNIX-сокету.
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
481 Если при обработке запроса были сделаны обращения к нескольким серверам,
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
482 то их адреса разделяются запятой, например,
292
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
483 “<literal>192.168.1.1:80, 192.168.1.2:80, unix:/tmp/sock</literal>”.
256
c78b2d6fe261 Use another term for "redirect".
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 222
diff changeset
484 Если произошло внутреннее перенаправление от одной группы серверов на другую
c78b2d6fe261 Use another term for "redirect".
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 222
diff changeset
485 с помощью
292
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
486 <header>X-Accel-Redirect</header> или
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
487 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="error_page"/>,
966
95c3c3bbf1ce Text review.
Egor Nikitin <yegor.nikitin@gmail.com>
parents: 942
diff changeset
488 то адреса, соответствующие разным группам серверов, разделяются двоеточием,
95c3c3bbf1ce Text review.
Egor Nikitin <yegor.nikitin@gmail.com>
parents: 942
diff changeset
489 например,
292
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
490 “<literal>192.168.1.1:80, 192.168.1.2:80, unix:/tmp/sock : 192.168.10.1:80, 192.168.10.2:80</literal>”.
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
491 </tag-desc>
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
492
731
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
493 <tag-name><var>$upstream_cache_status</var></tag-name>
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
494 <tag-desc>
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
495 хранит статус доступа к кэшу ответов (0.8.3).
1075
6c021feec587 Removed unjustified non-breakable spaces.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 1016
diff changeset
496 Статус может быть одним из “<literal>MISS</literal>”,
731
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
497 “<literal>BYPASS</literal>”, “<literal>EXPIRED</literal>”,
1016
2d8269d8fea8 Translated documentation on cache revalidation into russian.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 966
diff changeset
498 “<literal>STALE</literal>”, “<literal>UPDATING</literal>”,
2d8269d8fea8 Translated documentation on cache revalidation into russian.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 966
diff changeset
499 “<literal>REVALIDATED</literal>” или “<literal>HIT</literal>”.
731
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
500 </tag-desc>
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
501
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
502 <tag-name><var>$upstream_response_length</var></tag-name>
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
503 <tag-desc>
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
504 хранит длины ответов, полученных от серверов группы (0.7.27);
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
505 длины хранятся в байтах.
966
95c3c3bbf1ce Text review.
Egor Nikitin <yegor.nikitin@gmail.com>
parents: 942
diff changeset
506 Длины нескольких ответов разделяются запятыми и двоеточиями
95c3c3bbf1ce Text review.
Egor Nikitin <yegor.nikitin@gmail.com>
parents: 942
diff changeset
507 подобно адресам в переменной <var>$upstream_addr</var>.
731
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
508 </tag-desc>
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
509
292
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
510 <tag-name><var>$upstream_response_time</var></tag-name>
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
511 <tag-desc>
731
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
512 хранит времена ответов, полученных от серверов группы;
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
513 времена хранятся в секундах с точностью до миллисекунд.
966
95c3c3bbf1ce Text review.
Egor Nikitin <yegor.nikitin@gmail.com>
parents: 942
diff changeset
514 Времена нескольких ответов разделяются запятыми и двоеточиями
95c3c3bbf1ce Text review.
Egor Nikitin <yegor.nikitin@gmail.com>
parents: 942
diff changeset
515 подобно адресам в переменной <var>$upstream_addr</var>.
292
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
516 </tag-desc>
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
517
292
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
518 <tag-name><var>$upstream_status</var></tag-name>
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
519 <tag-desc>
731
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
520 хранит коды ответов, полученных от серверов группы.
966
95c3c3bbf1ce Text review.
Egor Nikitin <yegor.nikitin@gmail.com>
parents: 942
diff changeset
521 Коды нескольких ответов разделяются запятыми и двоеточиями
95c3c3bbf1ce Text review.
Egor Nikitin <yegor.nikitin@gmail.com>
parents: 942
diff changeset
522 подобно адресам в переменной <var>$upstream_addr</var>.
292
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
523 </tag-desc>
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
524
292
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
525 <tag-name><var>$upstream_http_...</var></tag-name>
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
526 <tag-desc>
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
527 хранят поля заголовка ответа сервера.
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
528 Например, поле заголовка ответа <header>Server</header>
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
529 доступно в переменной <var>$upstream_http_server</var>.
731
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
530 Правила преобразования имён полей заголовка ответа в имена переменных
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
531 такие же, как для переменных с префиксом
f62328124e5b Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 654
diff changeset
532 “<link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="variables">$http_</link>”.
966
95c3c3bbf1ce Text review.
Egor Nikitin <yegor.nikitin@gmail.com>
parents: 942
diff changeset
533 Необходимо иметь в виду, что запоминаются поля заголовка только из ответа
292
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
534 последнего сервера.
7bc830cc79bb Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 280
diff changeset
535 </tag-desc>
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
536
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
537 </list>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
538 </para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
539
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
540 </section>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
541
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
542 </module>