Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/en/docs/ngx_core_module.xml @ 3099:9cfda14d0109 default tip
freenginx-1.27.4
author | Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru> |
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date | Tue, 03 Sep 2024 13:15:18 +0300 |
parents | 27532d42102b |
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?> |
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2 |
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3 <!-- |
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4 Copyright (C) Igor Sysoev |
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5 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc. |
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6 --> |
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7 |
63
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8 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../dtd/module.dtd"> |
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9 |
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10 <module name="Core functionality" |
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11 link="/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html" |
589 | 12 lang="en" |
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13 rev="29"> |
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14 |
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15 <section id="example" name="Example Configuration"> |
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16 |
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17 <para> |
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18 <example> |
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19 user www www; |
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20 worker_processes 2; |
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21 |
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22 error_log /var/log/nginx-error.log info; |
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23 |
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24 events { |
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25 use kqueue; |
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26 worker_connections 2048; |
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27 } |
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28 |
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29 ... |
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30 </example> |
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31 </para> |
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32 |
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33 </section> |
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34 |
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35 |
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36 <section id="directives" name="Directives"> |
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37 |
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38 <directive name="accept_mutex"> |
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39 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax> |
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40 <default>off</default> |
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41 <context>events</context> |
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42 |
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43 <para> |
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44 If <literal>accept_mutex</literal> is enabled, |
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45 worker processes will accept new connections by turn. |
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46 Otherwise, all worker processes will be notified about new connections, |
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47 and if volume of new connections is low, some of the worker processes |
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48 may just waste system resources. |
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49 <note> |
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50 There is no need to enable <literal>accept_mutex</literal> |
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51 on systems that support the |
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52 <link doc="events.xml" id="epoll">EPOLLEXCLUSIVE</link> flag (1.11.3) or |
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53 when using <link doc="http/ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="reuseport"/>. |
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54 </note> |
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55 <note> |
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56 Prior to version 1.11.3, the default value was <literal>on</literal>. |
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57 </note> |
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58 </para> |
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59 |
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60 </directive> |
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61 |
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62 |
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63 <directive name="accept_mutex_delay"> |
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64 <syntax><value>time</value></syntax> |
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65 <default>500ms</default> |
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66 <context>events</context> |
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67 |
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68 <para> |
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69 If <link id="accept_mutex"/> is enabled, specifies the maximum time |
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70 during which a worker process will try to restart accepting new |
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71 connections if another worker process is currently accepting |
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72 new connections. |
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73 </para> |
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74 |
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75 </directive> |
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76 |
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77 |
63
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78 <directive name="daemon"> |
271 | 79 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax> |
102
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80 <default>on</default> |
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81 <context>main</context> |
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82 |
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83 <para> |
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84 Determines whether nginx should become a daemon. |
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85 Mainly used during development. |
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86 </para> |
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87 |
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88 </directive> |
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89 |
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90 |
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91 <directive name="debug_connection"> |
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92 <syntax> |
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93 <value>address</value> | |
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94 <value>CIDR</value> | |
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95 <literal>unix:</literal></syntax> |
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96 <default/> |
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97 <context>events</context> |
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98 |
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99 <para> |
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100 Enables debugging log for selected client connections. |
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101 Other connections will use logging level set by the |
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102 <link id="error_log"/> directive. |
523 | 103 Debugged connections are specified by IPv4 or IPv6 (1.3.0, 1.2.1) |
104 address or network. | |
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105 A connection may also be specified using a hostname. |
523 | 106 For connections using UNIX-domain sockets (1.3.0, 1.2.1), |
107 debugging log is enabled by the “<literal>unix:</literal>” parameter. | |
516
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108 <example> |
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109 events { |
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110 debug_connection 127.0.0.1; |
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111 debug_connection localhost; |
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112 debug_connection 192.0.2.0/24; |
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113 debug_connection ::1; |
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114 debug_connection 2001:0db8::/32; |
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115 debug_connection unix:; |
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116 ... |
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117 } |
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118 </example> |
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119 <note> |
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120 For this directive to work, nginx needs to |
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121 be built with <literal>--with-debug</literal>, |
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122 see “<link doc="debugging_log.xml"/>”. |
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123 </note> |
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124 </para> |
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125 |
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126 </directive> |
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127 |
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128 |
574 | 129 <directive name="debug_points"> |
130 <syntax><literal>abort</literal> | <literal>stop</literal></syntax> | |
131 <default/> | |
132 <context>main</context> | |
133 | |
134 <para> | |
135 This directive is used for debugging. | |
136 </para> | |
137 | |
138 <para> | |
139 When internal error is detected, e.g. the leak of sockets on | |
140 restart of working processes, enabling <literal>debug_points</literal> | |
141 leads to a core file creation (<literal>abort</literal>) | |
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142 or to stopping of a process (<literal>stop</literal>) for further |
574 | 143 analysis using a system debugger. |
144 </para> | |
145 | |
146 </directive> | |
147 | |
148 | |
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149 <directive name="env"> |
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150 <syntax><value>variable</value>[=<value>value</value>]</syntax> |
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151 <default>TZ</default> |
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152 <context>main</context> |
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153 |
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154 <para> |
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155 By default, nginx removes all environment variables inherited |
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156 from its parent process except the TZ variable. |
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157 This directive allows preserving some of the inherited variables, |
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158 changing their values, or creating new environment variables. |
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159 These variables are then: |
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160 <list type="bullet"> |
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161 |
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162 <listitem> |
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163 inherited during a <link doc="control.xml" id="upgrade">live upgrade</link> |
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164 of an executable file; |
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165 </listitem> |
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166 |
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167 <listitem> |
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168 used by the |
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169 <link doc="http/ngx_http_perl_module.xml">ngx_http_perl_module</link> module; |
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170 </listitem> |
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171 |
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172 <listitem> |
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173 used by worker processes. |
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174 One should bear in mind that controlling system libraries in this way |
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175 is not always possible as it is common for libraries to check |
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176 variables only during initialization, well before they can be set |
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177 using this directive. |
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178 An exception from this is an above mentioned |
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179 <link doc="control.xml" id="upgrade">live upgrade</link> |
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180 of an executable file. |
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181 </listitem> |
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182 |
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183 </list> |
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184 </para> |
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185 |
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186 <para> |
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187 The TZ variable is always inherited and available to the |
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188 <link doc="http/ngx_http_perl_module.xml">ngx_http_perl_module</link> |
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189 module, unless it is configured explicitly. |
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190 </para> |
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191 |
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192 <para> |
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193 Usage example: |
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194 <example> |
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195 env MALLOC_OPTIONS; |
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196 env PERL5LIB=/data/site/modules; |
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197 env OPENSSL_ALLOW_PROXY_CERTS=1; |
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198 </example> |
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199 </para> |
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200 |
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201 <para> |
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202 <note> |
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203 The NGINX environment variable is used internally by nginx |
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204 and should not be set directly by the user. |
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205 </note> |
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206 </para> |
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207 |
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208 </directive> |
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209 |
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210 |
158
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211 <directive name="error_log"> |
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212 <syntax> |
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213 <value>file</value> |
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214 [<value>level</value>] |
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215 [<literal>rate</literal>=<value>rate</value>]</syntax> |
158
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216 <default>logs/error.log error</default> |
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217 <context>main</context> |
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218 <context>http</context> |
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219 <context>mail</context> |
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220 <context>stream</context> |
158
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221 <context>server</context> |
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222 <context>location</context> |
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223 |
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224 <para> |
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225 Configures logging. |
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226 Several logs can be specified on the same configuration level (1.5.2). |
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227 If on the <literal>main</literal> configuration level writing a log to a file |
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228 is not explicitly defined, the default file will be used. |
158
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229 </para> |
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230 |
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231 <para> |
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232 The first parameter defines a <value>file</value> that will store the log. |
158
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233 <!-- |
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234 If filename is not absolute, it is prefixed with the prefix path. |
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235 --> |
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236 The special value <literal>stderr</literal> selects the standard error file. |
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237 Logging to <link doc="syslog.xml">syslog</link> can be configured by specifying |
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238 the “<literal>syslog:</literal>” prefix. |
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239 Logging to a |
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240 <link doc="debugging_log.xml" id="memory">cyclic memory buffer</link> |
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241 can be configured by specifying the “<literal>memory:</literal>” prefix and |
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242 buffer <value>size</value>, and is generally used for debugging (1.7.11). |
158
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243 </para> |
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244 |
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245 <para> |
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246 The second parameter determines the <value>level</value> of logging, |
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247 and can be one of the following: |
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248 <literal>debug</literal>, <literal>info</literal>, <literal>notice</literal>, |
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249 <literal>warn</literal>, <literal>error</literal>, <literal>crit</literal>, |
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250 <literal>alert</literal>, or <literal>emerg</literal>. |
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251 Log levels above are listed in the order of increasing severity. |
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252 Setting a certain log level will cause all messages of |
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253 the specified and more severe log levels to be logged. |
271 | 254 For example, the default level <literal>error</literal> will |
255 cause <literal>error</literal>, <literal>crit</literal>, | |
256 <literal>alert</literal>, and <literal>emerg</literal> messages | |
158
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257 to be logged. |
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258 If this parameter is omitted then <literal>error</literal> is used. |
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259 <note> |
271 | 260 For <literal>debug</literal> logging to work, nginx needs to |
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261 be built with <literal>--with-debug</literal>, |
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262 see “<link doc="debugging_log.xml"/>”. |
158
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263 </note> |
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264 </para> |
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265 |
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266 <para> |
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267 The <literal>rate</literal> parameter (1.27.2) specifies |
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268 the maximum allowed logging rate in messages per second (m/s) |
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269 for each worker process. |
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270 By default, <literal>rate=1000m/s</literal> is used. |
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271 Setting <value>rate</value> to 0 disables rate limiting. |
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272 Additionally, rate limiting is not used |
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273 if logging level is set to <literal>debug</literal> or |
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274 debugging log is enabled for the <link id="debug_connection">connection</link>. |
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275 </para> |
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276 |
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277 <para> |
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278 <note> |
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279 The directive can be specified on the |
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280 <literal>stream</literal> level |
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281 starting from version 1.7.11, |
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282 and on the <literal>mail</literal> level |
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283 starting from version 1.9.0. |
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284 </note> |
158
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285 </para> |
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286 |
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287 </directive> |
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288 |
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289 |
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290 <directive name="events"> |
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291 <syntax block="yes"/> |
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292 <default/> |
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293 <context>main</context> |
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294 |
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295 <para> |
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296 Provides the configuration file context in which the directives that |
556
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297 affect connection processing are specified. |
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298 </para> |
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299 |
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300 </directive> |
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301 |
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302 |
63
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303 <directive name="include"> |
271 | 304 <syntax><value>file</value> | <value>mask</value></syntax> |
63
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305 <default/> |
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306 <context/> |
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307 |
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308 <para> |
271 | 309 Includes another <value>file</value>, or files matching the |
310 specified <value>mask</value>, into configuration. | |
63
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311 Included files should consist of |
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312 syntactically correct directives and blocks. |
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313 </para> |
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314 |
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315 <para> |
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316 Usage example: |
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317 <example> |
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318 include mime.types; |
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319 include vhosts/*.conf; |
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320 </example> |
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321 </para> |
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322 |
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323 </directive> |
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324 |
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325 |
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326 <directive name="load_module"> |
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327 <syntax><value>file</value></syntax> |
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328 <default/> |
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329 <context>main</context> |
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330 <appeared-in>1.9.11</appeared-in> |
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331 |
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332 <para> |
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333 Loads a dynamic module. |
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334 </para> |
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335 |
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336 <para> |
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337 Example: |
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338 <example> |
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339 load_module modules/ngx_mail_module.so; |
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340 </example> |
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341 </para> |
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342 |
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343 </directive> |
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344 |
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345 |
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346 <directive name="lock_file"> |
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347 <syntax><value>file</value></syntax> |
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348 <default>logs/nginx.lock</default> |
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349 <context>main</context> |
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350 |
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351 <para> |
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352 nginx uses the locking mechanism to implement <link id="accept_mutex"/> |
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353 and serialize access to shared memory. |
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354 On most systems the locks are implemented using atomic operations, |
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355 and this directive is ignored. |
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356 On other systems the “lock file” mechanism is used. |
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357 This directive specifies a prefix for the names of lock files. |
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358 </para> |
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359 |
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360 </directive> |
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361 |
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362 |
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363 <directive name="master_process"> |
271 | 364 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax> |
102
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365 <default>on</default> |
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366 <context>main</context> |
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367 |
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368 <para> |
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369 Determines whether worker processes are started. |
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370 This directive is intended for nginx developers. |
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371 </para> |
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372 |
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373 </directive> |
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374 |
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375 |
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376 <directive name="multi_accept"> |
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377 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax> |
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378 <default>off</default> |
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379 <context>events</context> |
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380 |
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381 <para> |
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382 If <literal>multi_accept</literal> is disabled, a worker process |
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383 will accept one new connection at a time. |
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384 Otherwise, a worker process |
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385 will accept all new connections at a time. |
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386 <note> |
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387 The directive is ignored if <link doc="events.xml" id="kqueue"/> |
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388 connection processing method is used, because it reports |
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389 the number of new connections waiting to be accepted. |
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390 </note> |
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391 </para> |
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392 |
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393 </directive> |
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394 |
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395 |
289
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396 <directive name="pcre_jit"> |
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397 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax> |
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398 <default>off</default> |
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399 <context>main</context> |
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400 <appeared-in>1.1.12</appeared-in> |
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401 |
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402 <para> |
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403 Enables or disables the use of “just-in-time compilation” (PCRE JIT) |
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404 for the regular expressions known by the time of configuration parsing. |
289
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405 </para> |
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406 |
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407 <para> |
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408 PCRE JIT can speed up processing of regular expressions significantly. |
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409 <note> |
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410 The JIT is available in PCRE libraries starting from version 8.20 |
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411 built with the <literal>--enable-jit</literal> configuration parameter. |
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412 When the PCRE library is built with nginx (<literal>--with-pcre=</literal>), |
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413 the JIT support is enabled via the |
289
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414 <literal>--with-pcre-jit</literal> configuration parameter. |
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415 </note> |
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416 </para> |
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417 |
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418 </directive> |
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419 |
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420 |
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421 <directive name="pid"> |
3081 | 422 <syntax><value>file</value> | <literal>off</literal></syntax> |
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423 <default>logs/nginx.pid</default> |
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424 <context>main</context> |
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425 |
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426 <para> |
271 | 427 Defines a <value>file</value> that will store the process ID of the main process. |
3081 | 428 The <literal>off</literal> parameter (1.27.0) disables writing a PID file. |
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429 </para> |
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430 |
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431 </directive> |
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432 |
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433 |
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434 <directive name="ssl_engine"> |
271 | 435 <syntax><value>device</value></syntax> |
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436 <default/> |
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437 <context>main</context> |
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438 |
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439 <para> |
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440 Defines the name of the hardware SSL accelerator. |
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441 </para> |
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442 |
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443 </directive> |
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444 |
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445 |
1436 | 446 <directive name="thread_pool"> |
447 <syntax> | |
448 <value>name</value> | |
449 <literal>threads</literal>=<value>number</value> | |
450 [<literal>max_queue</literal>=<value>number</value>]</syntax> | |
451 <default>default threads=32 max_queue=65536</default> | |
452 <context>main</context> | |
453 <appeared-in>1.7.11</appeared-in> | |
454 | |
455 <para> | |
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456 Defines the <value>name</value> and parameters of a thread pool |
1436 | 457 used for multi-threaded reading and sending of files |
458 <link doc="http/ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="aio">without blocking</link> | |
459 worker processes. | |
460 </para> | |
461 | |
462 <para> | |
463 The <literal>threads</literal> parameter | |
464 defines the number of threads in the pool. | |
465 </para> | |
466 | |
467 <para> | |
468 In the event that all threads in the pool are busy, | |
469 a new task will wait in the queue. | |
470 The <literal>max_queue</literal> parameter limits the number | |
471 of tasks allowed to be waiting in the queue. | |
472 By default, up to 65536 tasks can wait in the queue. | |
473 When the queue overflows, the task is completed with an error. | |
474 </para> | |
475 | |
476 </directive> | |
477 | |
478 | |
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479 <directive name="timer_resolution"> |
271 | 480 <syntax><value>interval</value></syntax> |
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481 <default/> |
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482 <context>main</context> |
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483 |
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484 <para> |
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485 Reduces timer resolution in worker processes, thus reducing the |
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486 number of <c-func>gettimeofday</c-func> system calls made. |
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487 By default, <c-func>gettimeofday</c-func> is called each time |
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488 a kernel event is received. |
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489 With reduced resolution, <c-func>gettimeofday</c-func> is only |
271 | 490 called once per specified <value>interval</value>. |
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491 </para> |
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492 |
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493 <para> |
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494 Example: |
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495 <example> |
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496 timer_resolution 100ms; |
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497 </example> |
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498 </para> |
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499 |
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500 <para> |
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501 Internal implementation of the interval depends on the method used: |
63
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502 <list type="bullet"> |
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503 |
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504 <listitem> |
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505 the <c-def>EVFILT_TIMER</c-def> filter if <literal>kqueue</literal> is used; |
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506 </listitem> |
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507 |
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508 <listitem> |
271 | 509 <c-func>timer_create</c-func> if <literal>eventport</literal> is used; |
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510 </listitem> |
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511 |
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512 <listitem> |
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513 <c-func>setitimer</c-func> otherwise. |
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514 </listitem> |
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515 |
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516 </list> |
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517 </para> |
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518 |
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519 </directive> |
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520 |
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521 |
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522 <directive name="use"> |
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523 <syntax><value>method</value></syntax> |
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524 <default/> |
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525 <context>events</context> |
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526 |
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527 <para> |
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528 Specifies the <link doc="events.xml">connection processing</link> |
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529 <value>method</value> to use. |
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530 There is normally no need to specify it explicitly, because nginx will |
556
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531 by default use the most efficient method. |
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532 </para> |
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533 |
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534 </directive> |
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535 |
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536 |
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537 <directive name="user"> |
271 | 538 <syntax><value>user</value> [<value>group</value>]</syntax> |
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539 <default>nobody nobody</default> |
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540 <context>main</context> |
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541 |
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542 <para> |
271 | 543 Defines <value>user</value> and <value>group</value> |
82
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544 credentials used by worker processes. |
271 | 545 If <value>group</value> is omitted, a group whose name equals |
546 that of <value>user</value> is used. | |
63
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547 </para> |
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548 |
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549 </directive> |
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550 |
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551 |
749
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552 <directive name="worker_aio_requests"> |
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553 <syntax><value>number</value></syntax> |
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554 <default>32</default> |
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555 <context>events</context> |
750
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556 <appeared-in>1.1.4</appeared-in> |
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557 <appeared-in>1.0.7</appeared-in> |
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558 |
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559 <para> |
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560 When using <link doc="http/ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="aio"/> |
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561 with the <link doc="../docs/events.xml" id="epoll"/> |
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562 connection processing method, sets the maximum <value>number</value> of |
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563 outstanding asynchronous I/O operations |
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564 for a single worker process. |
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565 </para> |
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566 |
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567 </directive> |
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568 |
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569 |
545
e97b46d1842d
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570 <directive name="worker_connections"> |
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571 <syntax><value>number</value></syntax> |
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572 <default>512</default> |
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573 <context>events</context> |
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574 |
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575 <para> |
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576 Sets the maximum number of simultaneous connections that |
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577 can be opened by a worker process. |
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578 </para> |
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|
579 |
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|
580 <para> |
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|
581 It should be kept in mind that this number includes all connections |
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582 (e.g. connections with proxied servers, among others), |
545
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583 not only connections with clients. |
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584 Another consideration is that the actual number of simultaneous |
966 | 585 connections cannot exceed the current limit on |
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586 the maximum number of open files, which can be changed by |
545
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587 <link id="worker_rlimit_nofile"/>. |
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588 </para> |
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589 |
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590 </directive> |
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591 |
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592 |
469
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593 <directive name="worker_cpu_affinity"> |
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594 <syntax><value>cpumask</value> ...</syntax> |
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595 <syntax><literal>auto</literal> [<value>cpumask</value>]</syntax> |
469
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596 <default/> |
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597 <context>main</context> |
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598 |
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599 <para> |
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600 Binds worker processes to the sets of CPUs. |
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601 Each CPU set is represented by a bitmask of allowed CPUs. |
469
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602 There should be a separate set defined for each of the worker processes. |
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603 By default, worker processes are not bound to any specific CPUs. |
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604 </para> |
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605 |
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606 <para> |
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607 For example, |
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608 <example> |
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609 worker_processes 4; |
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610 worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000; |
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611 </example> |
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612 binds each worker process to a separate CPU, while |
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613 <example> |
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614 worker_processes 2; |
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615 worker_cpu_affinity 0101 1010; |
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616 </example> |
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617 binds the first worker process to CPU0/CPU2, |
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618 and the second worker process to CPU1/CPU3. |
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619 The second example is suitable for hyper-threading. |
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620 </para> |
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621 |
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622 <para> |
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623 The special value <literal>auto</literal> (1.9.10) allows |
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624 binding worker processes automatically to available CPUs: |
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625 <example> |
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626 worker_processes auto; |
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627 worker_cpu_affinity auto; |
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628 </example> |
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629 The optional mask parameter can be used to limit the CPUs |
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630 available for automatic binding: |
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631 <example> |
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632 worker_cpu_affinity auto 01010101; |
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633 </example> |
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634 </para> |
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635 |
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636 <para> |
469
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637 <note> |
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638 The directive is only available on FreeBSD and Linux. |
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639 </note> |
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|
640 </para> |
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|
641 |
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|
642 </directive> |
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Documented the "worker_cpu_affinity" directive.
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|
643 |
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|
644 |
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|
645 <directive name="worker_priority"> |
271 | 646 <syntax><value>number</value></syntax> |
102
c76a257f3fd4
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diff
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|
647 <default>0</default> |
63
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648 <context>main</context> |
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|
649 |
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diff
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|
650 <para> |
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651 Defines the scheduling priority for worker processes like it is |
63
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652 done by the <command>nice</command> command: a negative |
271 | 653 <value>number</value> |
63
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654 means higher priority. |
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|
655 Allowed range normally varies from -20 to 20. |
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|
656 </para> |
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changeset
|
657 |
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|
658 <para> |
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diff
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|
659 Example: |
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diff
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|
660 <example> |
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|
661 worker_priority -10; |
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|
662 </example> |
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|
663 </para> |
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|
664 |
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|
665 </directive> |
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|
666 |
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|
667 |
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668 <directive name="worker_processes"> |
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669 <syntax><value>number</value> | <literal>auto</literal></syntax> |
102
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670 <default>1</default> |
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671 <context>main</context> |
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672 |
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673 <para> |
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674 Defines the number of worker processes. |
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675 </para> |
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676 |
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677 <para> |
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678 The optimal value depends on many factors including (but not |
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679 limited to) the number of CPU cores, the number of hard disk |
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680 drives that store data, and load pattern. |
957
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681 When one is in doubt, setting it to the number of available CPU cores |
740
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682 would be a good start (the value “<literal>auto</literal>” |
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683 will try to autodetect it). |
742
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684 <note> |
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685 The <literal>auto</literal> parameter is supported starting from |
764
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686 versions 1.3.8 and 1.2.5. |
742
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687 </note> |
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688 </para> |
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689 |
63
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690 </directive> |
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691 |
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692 |
82
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693 <directive name="worker_rlimit_core"> |
271 | 694 <syntax><value>size</value></syntax> |
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695 <default/> |
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696 <context>main</context> |
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697 |
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698 <para> |
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699 Changes the limit on the largest size of a core file |
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700 (<c-def>RLIMIT_CORE</c-def>) for worker processes. |
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701 Used to increase the limit without restarting the main process. |
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702 </para> |
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703 |
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704 </directive> |
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705 |
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706 |
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707 <directive name="worker_rlimit_nofile"> |
271 | 708 <syntax><value>number</value></syntax> |
82
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709 <default/> |
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710 <context>main</context> |
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711 |
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712 <para> |
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713 Changes the limit on the maximum number of open files |
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714 (<c-def>RLIMIT_NOFILE</c-def>) for worker processes. |
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715 Used to increase the limit without restarting the main process. |
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716 </para> |
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717 |
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718 </directive> |
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719 |
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720 |
1927
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721 <directive name="worker_shutdown_timeout"> |
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722 <syntax><value>time</value></syntax> |
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723 <default/> |
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724 <context>main</context> |
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725 <appeared-in>1.11.11</appeared-in> |
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|
726 |
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727 <para> |
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728 Configures a timeout for a graceful shutdown of worker processes. |
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729 When the <value>time</value> expires, |
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730 nginx will try to close all the connections currently open |
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731 to facilitate shutdown. |
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732 </para> |
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733 |
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734 </directive> |
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735 |
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736 |
63
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737 <directive name="working_directory"> |
271 | 738 <syntax><value>directory</value></syntax> |
63
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739 <default/> |
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740 <context>main</context> |
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741 |
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742 <para> |
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743 Defines the current working directory for a worker process. |
63
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744 It is primarily used when writing a core-file, in which case |
262
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Changed one instance of "working process" to "worker process".
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745 a worker process should have write permission for the |
63
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746 specified directory. |
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747 </para> |
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|
748 |
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|
749 </directive> |
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|
750 |
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|
751 </section> |
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|
752 |
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753 </module> |