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annotate xml/ru/linux_packages.xml @ 1482:f595fb427509

Find changesets by keywords (author, files, the commit message), revision number or hash, or revset expression.
Configure arguments list for pre-built packages added.
author Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
date Tue, 19 May 2015 14:47:15 +0300
parents 28cf30b5818f
children 9f645014f4a7
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1 <!--
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2 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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3 -->
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4
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5 <!DOCTYPE article SYSTEM "../../dtd/article.dtd">
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6
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7 <article name="nginx: пакеты для Linux"
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8 link="/ru/linux_packages.html"
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9 lang="ru"
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10 rev="12"
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11 toc="no">
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13 <section id="distributions">
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15 <para>
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16 В данный момент доступны готовые пакеты для следующих дистрибутивов и их
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17 версий:
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18 </para>
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20 <para>
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21 RHEL/CentOS:
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23 <table note="yes">
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25 <tr>
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26 <td width="20%">Версия</td>
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27 <td>Поддерживаемые платформы</td>
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28 </tr>
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30 <tr>
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31 <td width="20%">5.x</td>
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32 <td>x86_64, i386</td>
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33 </tr>
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35 <tr>
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36 <td width="20%">6.x</td>
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37 <td>x86_64, i386</td>
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40 <tr>
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41 <td width="20%">7.x</td>
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42 <td>x86_64</td>
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43 </tr>
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46 </para>
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48 <para>
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49 Debian:
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51 <table note="yes">
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53 <tr>
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54 <td width="20%">Версия</td>
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55 <td width="20%">Кодовое имя</td>
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56 <td>Поддерживаемые платформы</td>
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60 <td width="20%">6.x</td>
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61 <td width="20%">squeeze</td>
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62 <td>x86_64, i386</td>
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63 </tr>
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64
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65 <tr>
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66 <td width="20%">7.x</td>
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67 <td width="20%">wheezy</td>
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68 <td>x86_64, i386</td>
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72 <td width="20%">8.x</td>
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73 <td width="20%">jessie</td>
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74 <td>x86_64, i386</td>
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75 </tr>
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80 <para>
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81 Ubuntu:
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83 <table note="yes">
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86 <td width="20%">версия</td>
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87 <td width="20%">Кодовое имя</td>
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88 <td>Поддерживаемые платформы</td>
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92 <td width="20%">10.04</td>
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93 <td width="20%">lucid</td>
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94 <td>x86_64, i386</td>
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98 <td width="20%">12.04</td>
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99 <td width="20%">precise</td>
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100 <td>x86_64, i386</td>
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103 <tr>
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104 <td width="20%">14.04</td>
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105 <td width="20%">trusty</td>
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106 <td>x86_64, i386, aarch64/arm64</td>
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107 </tr>
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110 <td width="20%">14.10</td>
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111 <td width="20%">utopic</td>
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112 <td>x86_64, i386</td>
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113 </tr>
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116 </para>
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118 <para>
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119 SLES:
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121 <table note="yes">
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122 <tr>
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123 <td width="20%">Версия</td>
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124 <td>Поддерживаемые платформы</td>
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125 </tr>
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127 <tr>
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128 <td width="20%">12</td>
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129 <td>x86_64</td>
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130 </tr>
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132 </table>
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133 </para>
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135 <para>
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136 Чтобы включить автоматическое обновление пакетов для Linux,
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137 настройте репозиторий yum для дистрибутивов RHEL/CentOS,
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138 репозиторий apt для дистрибутивов Debian/Ubuntu,
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139 или репозиторий zypper для SLES.
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142 </section>
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145 <section name="Готовые пакеты стабильной версии" id="stable">
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146
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147 <para>
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148 Для настройки репозитория yum для RHEL/CentOS выберите из списка
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149 соответствующий пакет <literal>nginx-release</literal>:
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150
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151 <list type="bullet">
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152
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153 <listitem>
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154 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/rhel/5/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-rhel-5-0.el5.ngx.noarch.rpm">RHEL 5</link>
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155 </listitem>
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156
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157 <listitem>
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158 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/rhel/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-rhel-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm">RHEL 6</link>
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159 </listitem>
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160
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161 <listitem>
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162 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/rhel/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-rhel-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm">RHEL 7</link>
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163 </listitem>
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164
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165 <listitem>
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166 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/centos/5/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-5-0.el5.ngx.noarch.rpm">CentOS 5</link>
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167 </listitem>
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168
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169 <listitem>
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170 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm">CentOS 6</link>
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171 </listitem>
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172
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173 <listitem>
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174 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm">CentOS 7</link>
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175 </listitem>
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176
882
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177 </list>
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178
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179 Пакет содержит конфигурационный файл для yum и публичный PGP-ключ,
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180 необходимый для проверки подлинности подписи RPM-пакетов.
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181 Загрузите и установите его, затем выполните команду:
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182 <programlisting>
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183 yum install nginx
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184 </programlisting>
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185
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186 Кроме того, конфигурацию репозитория можно добавить вручную
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187 без установки пакета <literal>nginx-release</literal>.
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188 Создайте файл с именем <path>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo</path>
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189 и таким содержимым:
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190
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191 <programlisting>
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192 [nginx]
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193 name=nginx repo
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194 baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/OS/OSRELEASE/$basearch/
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195 gpgcheck=0
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196 enabled=1
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197 </programlisting>
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198
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199 Замените “<literal>OS</literal>” на “<literal>rhel</literal>” или
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200 “<literal>centos</literal>”,
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201 в зависимости от используемого дистрибутива, а “<literal>OSRELEASE</literal>”
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202 на “<literal>5</literal>”, “<literal>6</literal>” или “<literal>7</literal>”,
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203 для, соответственно, 5.x, 6.x или 7.x версий.
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204 </para>
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205
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206 <para>
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207 Для Debian/Ubuntu, для проверки подлинности подписи репозитория nginx,
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f297382b1d63 GPG is an implementation only, so "PGP key" is a correct name.
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208 и чтобы избавиться от предупреждений об отсутствующем PGP-ключе во время
882
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209 установки пакета nginx, необходимо добавить ключ, которым были подписаны
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210 пакеты и репозиторий nginx, в связку ключей программы <command>apt</command>.
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211 Загрузите <link url="http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key">этот
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212 ключ</link> с нашего веб-сайта и добавьте его в связку ключей программы
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213 <command>apt</command>, выполнив команду:
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214 <programlisting>
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215 sudo apt-key add nginx_signing.key
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216 </programlisting>
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217 </para>
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218
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219 <para>
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220 Для Debian замените <i>codename</i> на
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221 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива,
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222 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path>
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223 следующее:
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224
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225 <programlisting>
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226 deb http://nginx.org/packages/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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227 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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228 </programlisting>
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229 </para>
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230
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231 <para>
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232 Для Ubuntu замените <i>codename</i> на
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233 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива,
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234 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path>
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235 следующее:
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236
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237 <programlisting>
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238 deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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239 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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240 </programlisting>
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241 </para>
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242
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243 <para>
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244 Для Debian/Ubuntu затем выполните команды:
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245 <programlisting>
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246 apt-get update
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247 apt-get install nginx
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248 </programlisting>
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249 </para>
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250
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251 <para>
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252 Для SLES выполните команду:
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253 <programlisting>
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254 zypper addrepo -G -t yum -c 'http://nginx.org/packages/sles/12' nginx
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255 </programlisting>
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256 </para>
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257
882
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258 </section>
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259
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260
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261 <section name="Готовые пакеты mainline-версии" id="mainline">
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262
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263 <para>
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264 Для настройки репозитория yum для RHEL/CentOS необходимо
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265 создать файл с именем <path>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo</path>
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266 и таким содержимым:
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267
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268 <programlisting>
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269 [nginx]
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270 name=nginx repo
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271 baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/OS/OSRELEASE/$basearch/
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272 gpgcheck=0
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273 enabled=1
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274 </programlisting>
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275
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276 Замените “<literal>OS</literal>” на “<literal>rhel</literal>” или
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277 “<literal>centos</literal>”,
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278 в зависимости от используемого дистрибутива, а “<literal>OSRELEASE</literal>”
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279 на “<literal>5</literal>”, “<literal>6</literal>” или “<literal>7</literal>”,
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280 для, соответственно, 5.x, 6.x или 7.x версий.
882
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281 </para>
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282
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283 <para>
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284 Для Debian/Ubuntu, для проверки подлинности подписи репозитория nginx,
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285 и чтобы избавиться от предупреждений об отсутствующем PGP-ключе во время
882
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286 установки пакета nginx, необходимо добавить ключ, которым были подписаны
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287 пакеты и репозиторий nginx, в связку ключей программы <command>apt</command>.
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288 Загрузите <link url="http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key">этот
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289 ключ</link> с нашего веб-сайта и добавьте его в связку ключей программы
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290 <command>apt</command>, выполнив команду:
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291 <programlisting>
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292 sudo apt-key add nginx_signing.key
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293 </programlisting>
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294 </para>
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295
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296 <para>
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297 Для Debian замените <i>codename</i> на
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298 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива,
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299 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path>
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300 следующее:
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301
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302 <programlisting>
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303 deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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304 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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305 </programlisting>
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306 </para>
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307
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308 <para>
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309 Для Ubuntu замените <i>codename</i> на
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310 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива,
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311 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path>
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312 следующее:
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313
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314 <programlisting>
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315 deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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316 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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317 </programlisting>
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318 </para>
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319
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320 <para>
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321 Для Debian/Ubuntu затем выполните команды:
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322 <programlisting>
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323 apt-get update
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324 apt-get install nginx
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325 </programlisting>
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326 </para>
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327
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328 <para>
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329 Для SLES выполните команду:
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330 <programlisting>
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331 zypper addrepo -G -t yum -c 'http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/sles/12' nginx
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332 </programlisting>
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333 </para>
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334
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335 </section>
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336
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337
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338 <section name="Аргументы configure" id="arguments">
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339
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340 <para>
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341 Общие аргументы configure для nginx из пакетов стабильной версии:
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342 <programlisting>
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343 --prefix=/etc/nginx
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344 --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx
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345 --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
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346 --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log
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347 --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log
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348 --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid
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349 --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock
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350 --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp
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351 --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp
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352 --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp
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353 --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp
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354 --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp
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355 --user=nginx
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356 --group=nginx
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357 --with-http_ssl_module
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358 --with-http_realip_module
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359 --with-http_addition_module
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360 --with-http_sub_module
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361 --with-http_dav_module
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362 --with-http_flv_module
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363 --with-http_mp4_module
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364 --with-http_gunzip_module
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365 --with-http_gzip_static_module
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366 --with-http_random_index_module
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367 --with-http_secure_link_module
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368 --with-http_stub_status_module
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369 --with-http_auth_request_module
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370 --with-mail
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371 --with-mail_ssl_module
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372 --with-file-aio
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373 --with-http_spdy_module
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374 --with-ipv6
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375 </programlisting>
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376 </para>
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377
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378 <para>
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379 Пакеты для mainline-версии добавляют к списку:
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380 <programlisting>
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381 --with-threads
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382 --with-stream
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383 --with-stream_ssl_module
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384 </programlisting>
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385 </para>
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386
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387 <para>
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388 Для того чтобы избежать увеличения числа зависимостей, пакеты не включают
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389 модули, которым требуются дополнительные библиотеки.
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390 </para>
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391
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392 </section>
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393
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394
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395 <section name="Подписи" id="signatures">
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396
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397 <para>
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398 Для проверки целостности и происхождения загруженного пакета
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399 и в случае RPM, и в случае репозиториев Debian/Ubuntu используется
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400 цифровая подпись.
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401 Для проверки подписи необходимо загрузить
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402 <link url="http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key">этот ключ</link>
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403 и импортировать его в связку ключей программы <command>rpm</command>
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404 или <command>apt</command>:
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405
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406 <list type="bullet">
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407
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408 <listitem>
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409 Для Debian/Ubuntu:
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410 <programlisting>sudo apt-key add nginx_signing.key</programlisting>
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411 </listitem>
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412
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413 <listitem>
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414 Для RHEL/CentOS:
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415 <programlisting>sudo rpm --import nginx_signing.key</programlisting>
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416 </listitem>
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417
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418 <listitem>
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419 Для SLES:
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Konstantin Pavlov <thresh@nginx.com>
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420 <programlisting>sudo rpm --import nginx_signing.key</programlisting>
12d631cfbc9d Documented SLES 12 packages availability.
Konstantin Pavlov <thresh@nginx.com>
parents: 1253
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421 </listitem>
12d631cfbc9d Documented SLES 12 packages availability.
Konstantin Pavlov <thresh@nginx.com>
parents: 1253
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422
932
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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423 </list>
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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424 </para>
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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425
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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426 <para>
1364
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Konstantin Pavlov <thresh@nginx.com>
parents: 1253
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427 В Debian/Ubuntu/SLES подпись проверяется по умолчанию, однако
932
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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428 в RHEL/CentOS необходимо добавить
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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429 <programlisting>gpgcheck=1</programlisting> в файл
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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430 <path>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo</path>.
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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431 </para>
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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432
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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433 <para>
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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434 Поскольку наши <link doc="../en/pgp_keys.xml">PGP-ключи</link>
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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435 находятся на том же сервере, что и пакеты,
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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436 им следует доверять в равной степени.
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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437 Поэтому мы настоятельно рекомендуем дополнительно проверить
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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438 подлинность загруженных PGP-ключей.
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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439 В PGP есть понятие “сети доверия”,
774505846a54 Section about packages' and repositories' signatures added.
Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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440 когда ключ подписывается чьим-либо другим ключом,
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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441 тот в свою очередь третьим, и т.д.
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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442 Это зачастую позволяет построить цепочку от произвольного ключа
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
diff changeset
443 до ключа человека, которого вы знаете и кому доверяете лично,
774505846a54 Section about packages' and repositories' signatures added.
Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
diff changeset
444 и таким образом удостовериться в подлинности первого ключа в цепочке.
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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445 Подробно эта концепция описана в
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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446 <link url="http://www.dewinter.com/gnupg_howto/english/GPGMiniHowto-1.html">
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
diff changeset
447 GPG Mini Howto</link>.
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
diff changeset
448 У наших ключей есть достаточное количество подписей,
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
diff changeset
449 поэтому проверить их подлинность относительно несложно.
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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450 </para>
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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451
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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452 </section>
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Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents: 915
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453
882
d1002c39ac0a Linux packages related information moved to separate page.
Sergey Budnevitch <sb@waeme.net>
parents:
diff changeset
454 </article>