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annotate xml/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_limit_req_module.xml @ 575:ebcb351d9eb3

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Consistently using the term "shared memory zone".
author Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
date Mon, 09 Jul 2012 07:40:53 +0000
parents d477ae38c0bd
children be54c443235a
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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4
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5 <module name="Модуль ngx_http_limit_req_module"
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6 link="/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_limit_req_module.html"
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7 lang="ru">
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8
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9 <section id="summary">
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10
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11 <para>
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12 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_limit_req_module</literal> (0.7.21) позволяет
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13 ограничить скорость обработки запросов по заданному ключу или,
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14 как частный случай, скорость обработки запросов, поступающих
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15 с одного IP-адреса.
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16 Ограничение обеспечивается с помощью метода “leaky bucket”.
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17 </para>
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18
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19 </section>
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20
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21
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22 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации">
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23
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24 <para>
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25 <example>
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26 http {
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27 limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;
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28
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29 ...
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30
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31 server {
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32
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33 ...
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34
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35 location /search/ {
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36 limit_req zone=one burst=5;
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37 }
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38 </example>
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39 </para>
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40
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41 </section>
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42
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43
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44 <section id="directives" name="Директивы">
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45
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46 <directive name="limit_req">
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47 <syntax>
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48 <literal>zone</literal>=<value>название</value>
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49 [<literal>burst</literal>=<value>число</value>]
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50 [<literal>nodelay</literal>]</syntax>
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51 <default/>
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52 <context>http</context>
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53 <context>server</context>
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54 <context>location</context>
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55
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56 <para>
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57 Задаёт зону разделяемой памяти (<literal>zone</literal>)
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58 и максимально возможные всплески запросов (<literal>burst</literal>).
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59 Если скорость поступления запросов превышает описанную в зоне,
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60 то их обработка задерживается так, чтобы запросы обрабатывались
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61 с заданной скоростью.
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62 Избыточные запросы задерживаются до тех пор, пока их число
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63 не превысит заданное число всплесков.
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64 При превышении запрос завершается с ошибкой
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65 <http-status code="503" text="Service Temporarily Unavailable"/>.
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66 По умолчанию число всплесков равно нулю.
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67 Например, директивы
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68 <example>
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69 limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;
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70
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71 server {
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72 location /search/ {
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73 limit_req zone=one burst=5;
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74 }
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75 </example>
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76 позволяют в среднем не более 1 запроса в секунду
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77 со всплесками не более 5 запросов.
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78 </para>
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79
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80 <para>
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81 Если же избыточные запросы в пределах лимита всплесков задерживать
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82 не требуется, то следует использовать параметр <literal>nodelay</literal>:
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83 <example>
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84 limit_req zone=one burst=5 nodelay;
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85 </example>
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86 </para>
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87
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88 </directive>
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89
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90
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91 <directive name="limit_req_log_level">
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92 <syntax>
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93 <literal>info</literal> |
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94 <literal>notice</literal> |
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95 <literal>warn</literal> |
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96 <literal>error</literal></syntax>
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97 <default>error</default>
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98 <context>http</context>
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99 <context>server</context>
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100 <context>location</context>
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101 <appeared-in>0.8.18</appeared-in>
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102
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103 <para>
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104 Задаёт желаемый уровень записи в лог
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105 случаев отказа в обработке запросов при превышении скорости
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106 и случаев задержек при обработке запроса.
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107 Задержки записываются в лог с уровнем на единицу меньшим, чем отказы,
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108 например, если указано “<literal>limit_req_log_level notice</literal>”,
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109 то задержки будут записываться в лог на уровне <literal>info</literal>.
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110 </para>
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111
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112 </directive>
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113
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114
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115 <directive name="limit_req_zone">
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116 <syntax>
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117 <value>$переменная</value>
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118 <literal>zone</literal>=<value>название</value>:<value>размер</value>
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119 <literal>rate</literal>=<value>скорость</value></syntax>
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120 <default/>
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121 <context>http</context>
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122
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123 <para>
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124 Задаёт параметры зоны разделяемой памяти,
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125 которая хранит состояние для разных значений ключа.
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126 Состояние в частности хранит текущее число избыточных запросов.
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127 Ключом является любое непустое значение заданной переменной
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128 (пустые значения не учитываются).
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129 Пример использования:
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130 <example>
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131 limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;
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132 </example>
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133 </para>
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134
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135 <para>
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136 В данном случае состояния хранятся в зоне “one” размером 10 мегабайт,
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137 и средняя скорость обработки запросов для этой зоны не может превышать
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138 1 запроса в секунду.
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139 </para>
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140
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141 <para>
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142 В качестве ключа используется IP-адрес клиента.
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143 Обратите внимание, что вместо переменной <var>$remote_addr</var> используется
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144 переменная <var>$binary_remote_addr</var>, позволяющая уменьшить
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145 размер состояния до 64 байт.
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146 В зоне размером 1 мегабайт может разместиться около 16 тысяч состояний
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147 размером 64 байта.
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148 При переполнении зоны в ответ на последующие запросы сервер будет
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149 возвращать ошибку
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150 <http-status code="503" text="Service Temporarily Unavailable"/>.
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151 </para>
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152
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153 <para>
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154 Скорость задаётся в запросах в секунду (r/s).
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155 Если же нужна скорость меньше одного запроса в секунду,
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156 то она задаётся в запросах в минуту (r/m), например,
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157 ползапроса в секунду — это 30r/m.
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158 </para>
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159
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160 </directive>
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161
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162 </section>
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163
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164 </module>